Social Value: A Study in Economic Theory, Critical and ConstructiveAnderson, Benjamin M. (Benjamin McAlester)
General
Social Value: A Study in Economic Theory, Critical and Constructive
Anderson, Benjamin M. (Benjamin McAlester)
Value
Exchange Value is the capacity of a good to obtain in
exchange a quantity of other goods. Price is that other
quantity of goods. But the laws of these two coincide.
So far as the law of price explains that a good
actually obtains such and such a price, and why it
obtains it, it affords at the same time the explanation
that the good is _capable_, and why it is capable, of
obtaining a definite price. The law of Price, in fact,
contains the law of Exchange Value.[59]
But (as will be elaborated more fully in chapter VI), Boehm-Bawerk's law of
price does not explain the _why_ any more than do those of Jevons and
Pareto, and the assumption that an "objective value in exchange" exists, in
addition to the ratio of exchange and the subjective values, might just as
logically be added to their systems as to his, with the assumption that the
problem of its nature and causes had been cleared up. The Austrian
analysis, even with Professor Clark's correction, is simply an explanation
of the _modus operandi_ of the determination of _particular_ ratios in the
market. It tells us nothing of quantitative values, and, in fact, assumes a
whole system of values already predetermined, before the question of any
particular price can be approached.[60]
FOOTNOTES:
[49] _Theory of Political Economy_, 3d edition, p. 14.
[50] _Op. cit._, pp. 76-84.
[51] _Ibid._, p. 83.
[52] _Op. cit._, p. 81.
[53] _Cours d'Economie Politique_, vol. I, pp. 1-40. The numerals in the
text refer to pages in this volume.
[54] _Value and Distribution_, p. 444.
[55] Professor Davenport's attitude on this point we shall discuss more
fully in chapter VIII.
[56] _Ibid._, pp. 184, n., and 330-31.
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