This transformation will be in favor, not only of the proletariat, but of mankind as a whole; nevertheless, as it is contrary to the immediate interests of the possessing class, the emancipation of the workers will be essentially the work of the workers themselves. 5. In economic matters their aim must be to secure the free use, without charge, of all the means of production. This result can only be attained, in a society where collective labor is more and more replacing individual labor, by the collective appropriation of natural agencies and the instruments of labor. 6. The transformation of the capitalistic régime into a collectivist régime must necessarily be accompanied by correlative transformations-- (_a_) In _morals_, by the development of altruistic feelings and the practice of solidarity. (_b_) In _politics_, by the transformation of the State into a business management (_administration des choses_). 7. Socialism must, therefore, pursue simultaneously the economic, moral, and political emancipation of the proletariat. Nevertheless, the economic point of view must be paramount, for the concentration of capital in the hands of a single class forms the basis of all the other forms of its domination. To realize its principles the Labor Party declares-- (1) That it considers itself as the representative, not only of the working-class, but of all the oppressed, without distinction of nationality, worship, race, or sex. (2) That the Socialists of all countries must make common cause (_être solidaires_), the emancipation of the workers being not a national, but an international work. (3) That in their struggle against the capitalist class the workers must fight by every means in their power, and particularly by political action, by the development of free associations, and by the ceaseless propagation of Socialistic principles. I.--POLITICAL PROGRAM 1. _Electoral reform._ (_a_) Universal suffrage without distinction of sex for all ranks (age-limit, twenty-one; residence, six months). (_b_) Proportional representation. (_c_) Election expenses to be charged on the public authorities. (_d_) Payment of elected persons. (_e_) Elected persons to be bound by pledges, according to law. (_f_) Electorates to have the right of unseating elected persons. 2. _Decentralization of political power._ (_a_) Suppression of the Senate. (_b_) Creation of Legislative Councils, representing the different functions of society (industry, commerce, agriculture, education, etc.); such Councils to be autonomous, within the limits of their competence and excepting the veto of Parliament; such Councils to be federated, for the study and defense of their common interests. 3. _Communal autonomy._ (_a_) Mayors to be appointed by the electorate. (_b_) Small communes to be fused or federated. (_c_) Creation of elected committees corresponding to the different branches of communal administration. 4. _Direct legislation._