The departure from the Party of individuals or factions that had not recognized its true nature, and were only there by some misunderstanding or by local or temporary circumstances is a necessary part of the process of growth. On the contrary, the Party is damaged only in case these individuals and factions remain in the organization and become a majority. The failure of those who represent the Party's fundamental principles to maintain control, might easily prove fatal; with the subordination of its principles the movement would disintegrate from within. In fact, the possibility of the deliberate wrecking of the Party in such circumstances, by enemies within its own ranks, has been pointed out and greatly feared by Liebknecht and other representative Socialists. This tendency, however, seems to be subsiding in those countries in which the movement is most highly developed, such as Germany and France. FOOTNOTES: [196] Quoted by Chairman Singer at the Congress of 1909. [197] Quoted by _Vorwaerts_ (Berlin), Sept. 24, 1909. [198] The proceedings of most of the German Party Congresses may be obtained through the _Vorwaerts_ (Berlin), those of the International and American Congresses from the Secretary of the Socialist Party, 180 Washington St., Chicago, Ill. [199] Kautsky, "Der Aufstand in Baden," in the _Neue Zeit_, 1910, p. 624. [200] The _Socialist Review_, April, 1909. [201] The _Atlantic Monthly_, July, 1911. [202] The _New York Call_, Jan. 6 and 8, 1912. [203] The _New York Call_, Jan. 9, 1912. [204] The _Socialist Review_ (London), April, 1909. [205] "Parlamentarismus und Demokratie," 1911 edition, pp. 114-116. [206] "Parlamentarismus und Demokratie," 1911 edition, pp. 14-15. PART III SOCIALISM IN ACTION CHAPTER I SOCIALISM AND THE "CLASS STRUGGLE" Socialists have always taught that Socialism can develop only out of the full maturity of capitalism, and so favor the normal advance of capitalist industry and government and the reforms of capitalist collectivism--on their constructive side. But if capitalism in its highest form of "State Socialism" is the only foundation upon which the Socialism can be built, it is at the same time that form of capitalism which will prevail when Socialism reaches maturity and is ready for decisive action; and it is, therefore, the very enemy against which the Socialist hosts will have been drilled and the Socialist tactics evolved. The older capitalism, which professed to oppose all industrial activities of the government, must disappear, but it is not the object of attack, for the capitalists themselves will abandon it without Socialist intervention in any form. Socialists have urged on this evolution from the older to the newer capitalism by taking the field against the reactionaries, but they do not, as a rule, claim that by this action they are doing any more for Socialism than they are for progressive capitalism.