United States -- History, Military; United States. Army -- History
The triumph of service by the army in our possessions of Alaska, Guam,
the Philippines, Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Canal Zone doesn’t often
come to the ear of the average citizen. In the great archipelago of the
Philippines, the soldier calmed strife between savage tribes, built
roads, railroads, schools, churches, gave spiritual aid and comfort,
and was at once, instructor, leader, governor, judge, jury, councilor,
constructor, almsgiver and peacemaker. He did more in 20 years to make
the Philippinos a united people than had been done in the previous
centuries. It was his labor largely that caused their great desire to
retain the supervision of the United States. Alaska, too, knows the
army as a friend in need. When the territory was bought, soldiers were
immediately sent there to keep order and open up the land. In the
pioneer days, under great hardship, the army made surveys and kept
watch over the frontiers. In the Klondike rush, it opened the harbors,
built the roads and trails leading to gold, and protected newcomers
against mob rule and lawlessness. In order to make the only link with
the mainland of the United States, the soldier laid four thousand,
five hundred eighty-eight miles of cable and built six hundred miles
of telegraph, all of which he operated. He largely administered the
government of the territory and at low cost furnished to business
millions of dollars worth of returns. The signal corps soldier gave
during the Civil War the greatest boost to our telegraph systems. As
late as 1877, he operated three thousand miles of telegraph in the
South. Today in Washington he operates the largest radio net in the
world, handling messages for forty-eight departments of the government.
In one year for this service the Army was able to turn over to the
United States Treasury, two hundred sixty-eight million dollars. It was
General G. O. Squier, Chief Signal Officer, who made the outstanding
invention of sending a number of telephone and telegraph messages over
the same line at the same time. His work improved and revolutionized
that industry. It was the soldier, too, who took the lead in
developing the short wave, high frequency transmission and opened up
vast channels through the air. It was the soldier who developed the
radio beacon, which guides the airman through fog, cloud and darkness
safely. It was the air soldier who perfected the parachute which has
already saved many fliers. Of course everyone knows how the soldier
helped the Wright Brothers in their great pioneer flying, and men like
Lieutenant Selfridge sacrificed their lives for the sake of progress.
Later others made the great good-will flight to South America, covering
twenty-two thousand sixty-five miles in two hundred sixty-three and
one-quarter hours of flying time. Lieutenants Maitland and Hegenberger
made this first non-stop flight from our west coast to Honolulu. Army
pilots have photographed thirty-five thousand square miles in eighteen
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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