Some Forerunners of Italian OperaHenderson, W. J. (William James)
History
Some Forerunners of Italian Opera
Henderson, W. J. (William James)
Opera -- Italy
If the "Orfeo" was played in 1472 it must have been written when its
author was no more than eighteen years of age. But even at that age he
was already famous. He was born in Montepulciano on July 14, 1454. The
family name was Ambrogini, but from the Latinized name of his native
town turned into Italian he constructed the title of Poliziano, by which
he was afterward known. At the age of ten he was sent to Florence, then
governed by Lorenzo de Medici. He studied under the famous Greeks
Argyropoulos and Kallistos and the equally famous Italians, Landino and
Ficino.[13] Gifted with precocious talent, he wrote at the age of
sixteen, astonishing epigrams in Latin and Greek. At seventeen he began
to translate the "Iliad" into Latin hexameters, and his success with the
second book attracted the attention of Lorenzo himself. Poliziano was
now known as the "Homeric youth." It was not long before he was hailed
the king of Italian scholars and the literary genius of his time. When
he was but thirty he became professor of Greek and Latin in the
University of Florence, and drew to his feet students from all parts of
Europe. John Reuchlin hastened from Germany, William Grocyn from the
shades of Oxford, and from the same seat of learning the mighty Thomas
Linacre, later to found the Royal College of Physicians. Lorenzo's sons,
Piero and Giovanni, were for a time his pupils, but their mother took
them away. Poliziano was as vicious as the typical men of his time and
the prudent Clarice knew it.
[Footnote 13: John Argyropoulos, who was born at Constantinople in
1416, was one of the first teachers of Greek in Italy, where he
was long a guest of Palla degli Strozzi at Padua. In 1456 he went
to Florence, where Cosimo de Medici's son and grandson were among
his pupils. He spent fifteen years in Florence and thence went to
Rome. To this master, George Gemistos and George Trapezuntios, the
acquisition of Greek knowledge at Florence in the fifteenth
century was chiefly due. It should be particularly noted that all
of them went to Italy before the fall of the Greek empire in 1453.
Andronicus Kallistos was one of the popular lecturers of the time
and one of the first Greeks to visit France. Cristoforo Landino,
one of the famous coterie of intellectual men associated with
Lorenzo de Medici, took the chair of rhetoric and poetry at
Florence in 1454. He paid especial attention in his lectures to
the Italian poets, and in 1481 published an edition of Dante. His
famous "Camaldolese Discussions," modeled in part on Cicero's
"Tusculan Disputations," is well known to students of Italian
literature. Marsilio Ficino was a philosopher, and his chief aim
was a reconciliation of ancient philosophy with Christianity.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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