Some old masters of Greek architecture — John Shaqi
Some old masters of Greek architectureDouglas, Harry
History
Some old masters of Greek architecture
Douglas, Harry
Architecture -- Greece; Architecture, Greek
As for the Composite order, which, as has been already stated, is but a
mixture of the Ionic and Corinthian, it would seem that Sir Henry has
very little patience. He says with a contempt which he makes little
effort to conceal: “The last is the _compounded order_, his _name_
being a briefe of his _nature_: for his pillar is nothing in effect but
a _medlie_, or an _amasse_ of all the preceding _ornaments_, making
a new kinde of stealth, and though the most richly tricked, yet the
poorest in this, that he is a borrower of his beautie.”
There are those who in relentless search for truth at the expense of
sentiment and poetry would spoil the pretty story which Vitruvius tells
of the invention of the Corinthian capital by claiming for Egypt the
distinction of being the mother-country of the order, and ascribing to
that form of the Egyptian capital that bells out toward the abacus, and
which is surrounded by open lotus leaves, as the archetype of the last
of the three Grecian orders. There is, however, more probability to the
story of Callimachus than there is similarity between the Egyptian and
Corinthian capitals, in our opinion.
If we accept Callimachus as the originator of the Corinthian, although
there does not appear any name of an architect to receive the
individual credit for the invention of the Doric order, we may as well
accept the deduction which Vitruvius draws in respect to Hermogenes,
an Ionian architect, who is said to have flourished about 600 B.C.,
and credit him at the same time with being the first to introduce
the feminine proportions and attributes into his art, and with having
perfected, if he did not originate, the queenly Ionic order.
“When Hermogenes was employed to erect the temple of Bacchus at
Teos,” says Vitruvius, “the marble was prepared for one in the Doric
style; but the architect changed his mind, from the idea that other
proportions, afterward called Ionic, were more suitable for the
purpose, almost inducing the inference that Hermogenes was the inventor
of those delicate proportions; he appears unquestionably to have
displayed great skill and ingenuity in all his designs, and to have
entertained the opinion that sacred buildings should not be constructed
with Doric proportions, as they obliged the adoption of false and
incongruous arrangements.”
Another fact which Vitruvius does not touch upon might tend to point
to Hermogenes as the originator of the Ionic order. He was a native of
Alabanda in Caria, and if it is true, as some authorities believe, the
volute was an ornament in early use in Asia Minor, he was doubtless
familiar with it; and, appreciating its graceful possibilities,
introduced it into the matronly Ionic.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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