Meanwhile, something may be said of the present selection, if
only to explain it. The title _Songs and Lyrics_ has been chosen
in preference to _Songs and Poems_, that the reader, having been
warned, might have no cause for feeling aggrieved at the absence of
a number of pieces which are constants in other collections, however
variously made up. The term “lyric” has, by one notable example of
its use and by subsequent custom, become the accepted general name
for poems of many kinds having for their common characters only the
quality of expressing feeling or reflection (or the quality, in the
case of an anecdote or incident, of producing feeling or reflection)
and comparative brevity. It includes readily _O Were I on Parnassus
Hill_ and the _Lament for Glencairn_; that astonishing rapture of
words and humour and gusto the _Address to a Haggis_, and that wise
and tender yet withal scathing _Address to the Unco Guid_. But it
cannot be made to cover such an exact description of local custom
as _Halloween_; such a satirical and controversial description of
local events as _The Holy Fair_ and others of its kind; nor even
_Death and Doctor Hornbook_, effective though it is and instinct with
the poet’s humorous malice. These things are splendid as literature,
are indeed unequalled of their kind; but their quality is mainly
intellectual rather than poetical in the more absolute sense, and the
interest which they appeal to (and appeal powerfully) is not mainly
our interest in poetry. In any case they are in all the collections,
and I have considered that by their omission on this occasion it
would be possible to render a service to Burns, and to lovers of
poetry, which has not yet been rendered. A selection, I have thought,
might be made in which the Poet himself, and not the social scenery
of which he was a curious observer, nor the alien matters with which
he took up, should be the pervading presence in the book, making it
continuously lyrical, personal, and human. This, it was obvious,
would mean some uncustomary omissions. But experiment has proved
that it means also a sudden enlargement of the range of choice among
things truly and beautifully poetical. The poetic wealth of Burns
seems, indeed, not diminished but enriched by the surrender of that
part which issues rather from the general energy of his genius than
from those faculties of the soul in which he is distinctively a poet.
Certainly there is no dearth, either of value or variety, the range
of Burns over the different forms and occasions of poetry being, upon
the whole, unique. Shakespeare implicitly contains everything, yet he
has contributed to but a few of the forms; while the moderns (like
Wordsworth) who have attempted to exemplify the different varieties
of poetical composition are lyrically or morally monotonous. _Cælum
non animum mutant._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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