Songs of the West: Folk Songs of Devon & Cornwall Collected from the Mouths of the PeopleBaring-Gould, S. (Sabine)
General
Songs of the West: Folk Songs of Devon & Cornwall Collected from the Mouths of the People
Baring-Gould, S. (Sabine)
Ballads, English; Folk songs, English
To the same category belongs the song, "Go no more a-rushing, Maids,
in May," that we have taken down from several singers, and which is
given as well by Miss Mason, and by Chappell, i. p. 158, where the
task is to solve riddles--
"I'll give you a chicken that has no bone,
I'll give you a cherry without a stone,
I'll give you a ring that has no rim,
I'll give you an oak that has no limb."
The solution is--
"When the chicken is in the egg it has no bone,
When the cherry is in bloom it has no stone,
When the ring is a-melting it has no rim,
When the oak is in the acorn it has no limb."
But the story about the setting of the puzzle has fallen away.
We did obtain a ballad in Cornwall about the ghost visiting the
damsel and demanding that she should keep her engagement, but the
metre was not the same as that of the "Lovers' Tasks."
Apparently at some remote period a maiden who was pledged to a man
was held to belong to him after he was dead, and to be obliged to
follow her lover into the world of spirits, unless she could evade
the obligation by some clever contrivance. When this idea fell away,
either an elf was substituted or a man of low birth, or else the
whole story was dropped; or, again, it was so altered that a knight
was put in the place of the ghost, and it became the privilege of the
shrewd girl who could answer the riddles to be taken as his wife.
The setting of hard tasks occurs in German folk-tales, as in
"Rumpelstiltskin," where the girl has to spin straw into gold.
In the "Gesta Romanorum," ed. Osterley, p. 374, one of the most
popular collections of stories in the Middle Ages, is a corrupt
reminiscence of the tale. A king delayed to take a wife till he could
find one sagacious enough to make him a shirt without seam out of a
scrap of linen three inches square. She retorts that she will do this
when he sends her a vessel in which she can do the work. Jacques de
Voragine wrote his "Golden Legend" in or about 1260. In that he tells
this tale. A bishop was about to succumb to the blandishments of the
devil in female form, when a pilgrim arrived. Either the damsel or
the palmer must leave, and which it should be was to be determined by
the solution of riddles. The pilgrim solved two. Then the fiend in
female form asked: "How far is it from heaven to earth?" "That you
know best, for you fell the whole distance," replied the palmer, and
the fiend vanished. Then the pilgrim revealed himself as St. Andrew,
to whom the bishop had a special devotion.
The classic tale of [OE]dipus and the Sphinx will be remembered in
connection with delivery from death by solving riddles. In Norse
mythology we have the contest in conundrums between Odin and the
giant Vafthrudnir. The Rabbis tell of the Queen of Sheba proving
Solomon with hard questions, which are riddles.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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