Produced by Bryan Ness and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries.) _The volumes of the University of Michigan Studies are published by authority of the Executive Board of the Graduate Department of the University of Michigan. A list of the volumes thus far published or arranged for is given at the end of this volume._ University of Michigan Studies _HUMANISTIC SERIES_ VOLUME V SOURCES OF THE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS THE MACMILLAN COMPANY NEW YORK · BOSTON · CHICAGO ATLANTA · SAN FRANCISCO MACMILLAN & CO., LIMITED LONDON · BOMBAY · CALCUTTA MELBOURNE THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, LTD. TORONTO SOURCES OF THE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS BY CARL S. PATTON FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH COLUMBUS, OHIO A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE, AND THE ARTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY New York THE MACMILLAN COMPANY LONDON: MACMILLAN & COMPANY, LIMITED 1915 _All Rights Reserved_ COPYRIGHT 1915 BY CARL S. PATTON Printed August, 1915 Composed and Printed By The University of Chicago Press Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. PREFACE The purpose of this study is twofold: first, to give some account of the investigations recently made in the Synoptic Problem, and the present status of scholarly opinion concerning it; secondly, upon the basis of such established results, to push the inquiry into certain items a step farther. The first part of the work, including pages 3-120, tho largely occupied with results reached by many different scholars, and bringing the matter up to where the writer adds his own more personal contribution, is yet not a mere survey of results attained. The writer has expressed his own judgment freely thruout it, as to the merits of arguments of others, and as to the points involved in the discussion. But his more personal contribution lies in the analysis of the groundwork Q into the two recensions, Q Mt and Q Lk.