South and South Central Africa: A record of fifteen years' missionary labors among primitive peoplesDavidson, Hannah Frances
History
South and South Central Africa: A record of fifteen years' missionary labors among primitive peoples
Davidson, Hannah Frances
Brethren in Christ Church -- Missions; Missions -- Rhodesia; Ndebele (African people); Tsonga (African people)
In the afternoon the relatives gather around the hut of the groom to
receive their presents, and each makes a choice. Of course they are
expected to be reasonable in their demands, because sometimes there are
forty persons to receive presents. The father or men nearly related to
the bride may take more liberty; one or two sometimes demand ten
shillings. While the best man is trying to satisfy all these demands,
the groom is often berated soundly by some, and even at times suffers
bodily violence. If his supply of goods is reasonable in amount, so
that nearly all are satisfied, the bride is given to him at once. If
very few presents are on hand the proceedings may stop and he or his
best man be obliged to go among his relatives and secure more money or
goods. If he is slow in this, difficulties may arise between him and the
girl's relatives until it come to blows. Not long ago a groom, about
four miles from Macha, was so violently attacked that he died from the
blows given. This is unusual at the present day, but it may have been
more common formerly. Even if the wedding has passed off all right the
girl does not at once go to cook for her husband; it may be several
months or a year before they fit her out with earthen pots, baskets, and
the like and she goes to housekeeping. In the meantime she is supposed
to be so modest that she will not speak to her husband or lift her eyes
in his presence. The modesty of the Batonga girls is in striking
contrast with the behavior of many other African girls, and immorality
does not seem as prevalent among the unmarried as in some other places.
Even the Baila girls are much bolder, both in looks and actions. If a
girl is bold, and goes about alone, she may generally be conceded to be
of an immoral character. When the bride is finally taken to the house of
her husband, the father may demand a cow or two as additional pay. If
the girl refuses to go, she often is carried by force. Sometimes the
mother may refuse to have the girl leave home, and then the husband is
obliged to live at the kraal of his parents-in-law. If he has two wives
he often thus has two homes.
The groom must always show great respect for the wife's parents, and
especially for her mother. When she appears on the scene, he must leave,
if escape is possible; otherwise he must sit quietly, not lifting his
eyes in the august presence of her who gave birth to his wife, so that
the life of the native who lives in the same kraal with his
mother-in-law is not a very pleasant one. When he meets his
father-in-law he salutes him by clapping his hands, and the salutation
is returned by the father-in-law tapping his chest with his right hand.
The husband may never call his wife by her maiden name, but he gives her
a new one of his own.
[Illustration: Kabanzi Chief with His First Wife.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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