Crack Austrian Regiment from Vienna Austrian military traditions are equal to any in Europe. In the sixteenth century they turned back the tide of Turkish conquest and saved Europe. Military service is compulsory on all able-bodied males from 20 to 42, and totals twelve years--three in the line, seven in reserve, and two in the "Landwehr." The long trousers worn by these troops show that they are recruited from the Germanic part of the empire--for the Austrian army, like the empire itself, contains men speaking twenty-six different languages. [Illustration: CRACK AUSTRIAN INFANTRY FROM VIENNA PHOTO © UNDERWOOD & UNDERWOOD, N.Y.] Cossacks--The Rough Riders of Russia The Cossacks of the river Don pay no taxes, but are liable to military service from eighteen to fifty, and each must furnish his own horse. They are wonderful riders, and excellent scouts or skirmishers. Their hollow circle formation is a favorite one for defense. The government is so arranged as to furnish the largest military array on the shortest notice. In personal appearance, the Cossacks are more slender and handsomer than the Russians. [Illustration: COSSACKS--THE ROUGH RIDERS OF RUSSIA PHOTO © UNDERWOOD & UNDERWOOD, N.Y.] Russian Regulars on the March Through Galicia Contrary to popular impression, the number of trained men in the Russian army is no greater than in the German. The number of recruits available is, of course, much larger. The Russian infantry is famous for close fighting with the bayonet, which is made a part of the gun and cannot be removed. The faces of the men are a distinctively Slavic type. They are patient, enduring, brave, and fight with a stubborn tenacity which has wrecked the hopes of every general in history who attempted the invasion and conquest of their territory. [Illustration: RUSSIAN REGULARS ON THE MARCH THROUGH GALICIA PHOTO © UNDERWOOD & UNDERWOOD, N.Y.] The Black Watch "Faithful, constant, generous in the hour of victory, and endued with calm perseverance under trial and disaster," the Highlanders of Scotland have won conspicuous honor on England's many battlefields. These are the men who are said in the present war to have repeated the famous charge made by their ancestors at Waterloo a century ago. Each infantryman, grasping the stirrup of a cavalryman of the Scots Greys, kept pace with the horses, as the two regiments rushed with terrific momentum against the hostile lines. [Illustration: THE BLACK WATCH PHOTO © UNDERWOOD & UNDERWOOD, N.Y.] German Hussars in Brussels