The provinces of Barcelona and Cumana contain about 100,000 inhabitants, of which the Indians compose more than one-half, 24,000 inhabiting New Andalusia alone, without including the Guaraounoes of the islands of the Orinoco; and who, as it were, command the mouths of this fine river, which extend along the sea-coast for more than sixty leagues. These mouths are very numerous, but seven of them only are navigable. The first of these is twelve leagues south of the mouth of the Rio Guaripiche, and is called _Grande Manamo_. The second is two leagues south-east of the first, and is named _Canal de Pedernales_; on the east of it is the island Guarispa, and three leagues south-west is Isla del Soldado, at the south entrance of the gulf of Paria; these two channels are too shallow for large vessels. The third is called _Capure_, and is a branch of the second, detaching itself about seven leagues inland. The fourth is _Macareo_, six leagues south of Capure, navigable for schooners and brigs, and the principal outlet between Guiana and Trinidad, its mouth being opposite Erin river in that island. The fifth is called _Maruisas_, from the tribe which dwell on its shores; it is twelve leagues south of the fourth entrance, but is little frequented. Eighteen leagues farther is a branch of the _Maruisas_, which is the sixth mouth, and is navigable for small vessels. Eight leagues south of this is the _Boca de los Navios_, or grand mouth of the Orinoco, which is navigable for large ships. The rivers of Cumana and Barcelona which fall into the Caribbean sea, beginning from the west are chiefly, the _Unare_, which bounds the provinces of Venezuela and Barcelona. It is navigable for six leagues from the sea, as far as the village of San Antonio de Clarinas. Its whole course from the mountains is about thirty leagues from south to north; the small river _Ipire_ joins this last at about half its course from the interior. The next river eastward of any consequence is the _Neveri_, on which Barcelona is built. The Indian name of the stream is Enipricuar; it is infested with crocodiles, but by means of this river which rises in the mountains of the interior, the port of Barcelona carries on its trade in cattle and skins. The animals are brought from the plains behind the mountains by three days' journey, so easy is the road, whilst it requires eight or nine days to reach Cumana by a similar route, on account of the steepness of the Brigantin and Imposible; this has greatly facilitated commercial speculation, and will one day render New Barcelona an important place.