The practical discussion of the relation of the Spaniards to the Indians awakened an interest in the Indian languages, and promoted a study of their grammar. The principal investigators in this field were the Jesuit priests. Among these, Luis de Valdivia was the most prominent in the affairs of Chile. He was a member of the commission that framed the regulations providing for the abolition of personal service. He had, moreover, advocated the reduction of military operations to a war of defence, in which troops should be maintained, armed and equipped, in such force as might be necessary; and the Jesuits were charged to carry instruction in Christian doctrine to the Indians. The Jesuit, Luis de Valdivia, as visitador-general of the province of Chile, was commissioned to act with the governor in an effort to carry out the new policy. [Sidenote: Luis de Valdivia] Luis de Valdivia arrived in Chile in 1593 with Gabriel de Vega, Fernando Aguilera, Baltasar de Piñas and others, who constituted the first group of Jesuits to visit that province. In 1622 he returned to Spain. During the period of his retirement he wrote, in addition to other things, a _Historia de la provincia castellana de la Sociedad de Jesús_, and _Varones ilustres de la Sociedad_; later, a grammar and a dictionary of the _lengua Allentiac_, and composed a treatise in that language on Christian doctrine.[108] VIII [Sidenote: Diego de Rosales] [Sidenote: _Historia de Chile_] [Sidenote: Contents of Rosales’ _Historia_]