Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.: The Narrative of Alvar Nunez Cabeca de Vaca. The Narrative of the Expedition of Hernando De Soto by the Gentleman of ElvasNúñez Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar, active 16th century
History
Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.: The Narrative of Alvar Nunez Cabeca de Vaca. The Narrative of the Expedition of Hernando De Soto by the Gentleman of Elvas
Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar, active 16th century
America -- Discovery and exploration -- Spanish; Coronado, Francisco Vásquez de, 1510-1554; Florida -- History -- To 1565; Indians of North America; Soto, Hernando de, approximately 1500-1542
[29] In the letter addressed by the survivors to the Audiencia
of Santo Domingo (Oviedo, _Historia General y Natural de las
Indias_, III., cap. i. 583, Madrid, 1853), it is stated that when
the natives were asked whence came these intrusive articles,
which included also some pieces of shoes, canvas, broadcloth,
and iron, they replied by signs that they had taken them from a
vessel that had been wrecked in the bay. Compare also cap. VII.
615. It has been suggested that possibly the objects may have
come from the vessel which Lucas Vazquez de Ayllon lost in 1526,
but as this wreck occurred at the mouth of Cape Fear River, on
the southern coast of North Carolina, it does not seem likely
that they could have been derived from this source. That natives
of the West Indies had intercourse by canoe with Florida, and
that an Arawakan colony was early established on the southwest
coast of the peninsula, is now well established.
[30] The Apalachee were one of the Muskhogean tribes that
occupied northwestern Florida from the vicinity of Pensacola
eastward to Ocilla River, their chief seats being in the
vicinity of Tallahassee and St. Marks. In 1655 they numbered six
or eight thousand, but about the beginning of the eighteenth
century they were warred against by the Creeks, instigated by
the English of Carolina, and in 1703 and 1704 expeditions by
English troops, reinforced by Creek warriors, resulted in the
capture and enslavement of about fourteen hundred Apalachee
and in practically exterminating the remainder. The town of
Apalachicola, on the Savannah River, was inhabited by Apalachee
refugees colonized later by the Carolina government, but these
were finally merged with the Creeks. Appalachee Bay and the
Appalachian Mountains derive their names from this tribe.
[31] "Apalachen," as above, in the edition of 1542 (Bandelier
translation).
Taking these Indians for guides, we departed, and travelling ten or
twelve leagues[32] we came to a town of fifteen houses. Here a large
piece of ground was cultivated in maize then ripe, and we likewise
found some already dry. After staying there two days, we returned to
where the comptroller tarried with the men and ships, and related to
him and the pilots what we had seen, and the information the natives
had given.
[32] The Spanish league varied greatly, but in these early
narratives the judicial league, equivalent to 2.634 English
miles, is usually meant. Distances, however, while sometimes
paced, were generally loose guesses, as is often shown by the
great disparity in the figures given by two or more chroniclers
of the same journey.
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