Special Report on Diseases of the HorseUnited States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Science
Special Report on Diseases of the Horse
United States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Horses -- Diseases
The feed should be liberal, but not fattening--oats, bran, sound hay,
and other feeds rich in the principles which form flesh and bone being
especially indicated. All aliments that tend to indigestion are to be
especially avoided. Thus rank, aqueous, rapidly growing grasses and
other green feed, partially ripe rye grass, millet, Hungarian grass,
vetches, peas, beans, or maize are objectionable, as is overripe,
fibrous, innutritious hay, or that which has been injured and rendered
musty by wet, or that which is infested with smut or ergot. Feed that
tends to costiveness should be avoided. Water given often, and at a
temperature considerable above freezing, will avoid the dangers of
indigestion and abortion which result from taking too much ice-cold
water at one time. Very cold or frozen feed is objectionable in the same
sense. Severe surgical operations and medicines that act violently on
the womb, bowels, or kidneys are to be avoided as being liable to cause
abortion. Constipation should be corrected, if possible, by bran mashes,
carrots, or beets, seconded by exercise, and if a medicinal laxative is
required it should be olive oil or other equally bland agent.
The stall of the pregnant mare should not be too narrow, so as to cramp
her when lying down or to entail violent effort in getting up, and it
should not slope too much from the front backward, as this throws the
weight of the uterus back on the pelvis and endangers protrusions and
even abortion. Violent mental impressions are to be avoided, for though
most mares are not affected thereby, yet a certain number are so
profoundly impressed that peculiarities and distortions are entailed on
the offspring; hence, there is wisdom shown in banishing particolored or
objectionably tinted animals, and those that show deformities or faulty
conformation. Hence, too, the importance of preventing prolonged, acute
suffering by the pregnant mare, as certain troubles of the eyes, feet,
and joints in the foals have been clearly traced to the concentration
of the mother's mind on corresponding injured organs in herself. Sire
and dam alike tend to reproduce their individual defects which
predispose to disease, but the dam is far more liable to perpetuate the
evil in her progeny which was carried while she was individually
enduring severe suffering caused by such defects. Hence, an active bone
spavin or ringbone, causing lameness, is more objectionable than that in
which the inflammation and lameness have both passed, and an active
ophthalmia is more to be feared than even an old cataract. For this
reason all active diseases in the breeding mare should be soothed and
abated as early as possible.
EXTRA-UTERINE GESTATION.
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