Special Report on Diseases of the HorseUnited States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Science
Special Report on Diseases of the Horse
United States. Bureau of Animal Industry
Horses -- Diseases
It is rare in the domestic animals to find the fetus developed elsewhere
than in the womb. The exceptional forms are those in which the sperm of
the male, making its way through the womb and Fallopian tubes,
impregnates the ovum prior to its escape, and in which the now vitalized
and growing ovum, by reason of its gradually increasing size, becomes
imprisoned and fails to escape into the womb. The arrest of the ovum may
be in the substance of the ovary itself (ovarian pregnancy), in the
Fallopian tube (tubal pregnancy), or when by its continuous enlargement
it has ruptured its envelopes so that it escapes into the cavity of the
abdomen, it may become attached to any part of the serous membrane and
draw its nourishment directly from that (abdominal pregnancy). In all
such cases there is an increase and enlargement of the capillary blood
vessels at the point to which the embryo has attached itself so as to
furnish the needful nutriment for the growing offspring.
All appreciable symptoms are absent, unless from the death of the fetus,
or its interference with normal functions, general disorder and
indications of parturition supervene. If these occur later than the
natural time for parturition, they are the more significant. There may
be general malaise, loss of appetite, elevated temperature, accelerated
pulse, with or without distinct labor pains. Examination with the oiled
hand in the rectum will reveal the womb of the natural, unimpregnated
size and shape and with both horns of one size. Further exploration may
detect an elastic mass apart from the womb, in the interior of which may
be felt the characteristic solid body of the fetus. If the latter is
still alive and can be stimulated to move, the evidence is even more
perfect. The fetus may die and be carried for years, its soft structures
becoming absorbed so as to leave only the bones, or by pressure it may
form a fistulous opening through the abdominal walls, or less frequently
through the vagina or rectum. In the latter cases the best course is to
favor the expulsion of the foal and to wash out the resulting cavity
with a solution of carbolic acid 1 part to water 50 parts. This may be
repeated daily. When there is no spontaneous opening it is injudicious
to interfere, as the danger from the retention of the fetus is less than
that from septic fermentation in the enormous fetal sac when that has
been opened to the air.
MOLES, OR ANIDIAN MONSTERS.
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