This state is called Vāsudeva, which again has a form-centre of its abstract self-radiance, pervading all space. It is the least pronounced state or stage of differentiation induced by the tendency of loss of equilibrium in the even forces of the three Cardinal Attributes (Gunas), illumination, motion and obscuration. The second stage, called Sankarsana, analogous to the Indefinite-Vibration stage of the development of thought, has again a form-centre of its all-pervading abstract self-radiance. This Sankarsana is the Unconscious Cause of Creation. The third stage, called Pradyumna, analogous to the Abstract-Idea stage of thought, has likewise a form-centre of its all-pervading abstract Self-radiance. This is the Semi-Conscious Cause of Creation; and from this develops the fourth stage, called Aniruddha, which is analogous to the full-developed Thought-stage and is the Full Conscious Cause of Creation. This Aniruddha is called Vishnoo or Nārāyan, from nār (water), and ayan (bed), because he floats on his back on the water of Love-life, while out of his navel springs a gigantic lotus—a figurative expression, meaning the Universe in bud—in which is encased the sleeping Brahmā, the operating Creator, with the germ of Creation dwelling within his mind and about to shoot forth. In Aniruddha the real stage of inequilibrium of the Attributes (Gunas) develops, and in Brahmā it assumes full development. With the opening of the petals of the Mystic Love-lotus, Brahmā awakes from his sleep (deep trance state), and, unable for a moment to understand the meaning of the Lotus-bed or the Water of Life around (just as a man suddenly roused out of sleep is dazed and forgets to think and therefore feels stupid for the moment), he goes down through the hollow of the Lotus-stalk in order to find out the bottom of the Lotus. He goes down, down, down, and at last finds its depths unending, bottomless. He therefore comes up to the surface again and sits down mystified, when he suddenly hears a voice from the water, as it were, saying: "Tapa, tapa, tapa!" which means, "Meditate, meditate, meditate!" With the sound of that word the meaning becomes apparent to Brahmā. It means: "Why art thou looking outward? Look inward and thou shalt know." Whereupon his eyes involuntarily close, and his mind becomes concentrated inward. Then he sees before his mental vision Aniruddha (Vishnoo) appear and say: "O Awakened One! know and remember that thou art Brahmā, the Creator." At the very suggestion he finds out his own self and exclaims: "Oh, yes! I am Brahmā." Then Vishnoo again says: "Thou hast now to create the universe." "Oh, yes!" he exclaims, as the memory of his function springs within him, "I am to create the universe; but how?" "By meditating upon the former creation. As the memory of past creation, which dwells within thee, shall awake, creation will begin."