St. Augustine, Florida's Colonial CapitalCampen, J. T. Van
History
St. Augustine, Florida's Colonial Capital
Campen, J. T. Van
Saint Augustine (Fla.) -- History
Busy months followed. Homes were stripped for their furnishings. Linens,
silver, clothing, and various personal articles were packed into chests
and boxes. Tearful groups gathered at the landing place to bid farewell
to friends and neighbors. Some residents were able to sell their
property to the English, who were at first hard-pressed to find
accommodations, but much remained unsold and was left in the custody of
Spanish agents until more English buyers might appear. Some, including
that of the Church, was deeded in trust to two friendly English traders,
John Gordon and Jesse Fish.
On July 30, 1763, Major Francis Ogilvie arrived at St. Augustine with an
English regiment. English soldiers in their bright red coats paraded
brazenly on the Plaza green, while remaining Spaniards looked on in
sullen resentment. Governor Feliú and the last of the Spanish families
sailed on January 21, 1764. The departing Spaniards took with them all
of their movable possessions including, it is said, the bones of their
former governor and the remains of several of their Saints.
[Illustration: _The British divided the territory into two
provinces—East Florida, with St. Augustine as its capital, and West
Florida, with Pensacola as its capital._]
New Orleans
Mississippi River
GEORGIA
1764 BOUNDARY
1763 BOUNDARY
WEST FLORIDA
★Pensacola
Mobile
Apalachicola River
EAST FLORIDA
Chattahoochee
★St. Augustine
New Smyrna
Records show that St. Augustine at the time of the Spanish evacuation
had a population of 3,096—961 men, chiefly soldiers and officials; 798
women, and 1,337 children. The majority went to Cuba and the West Indies
to find new homes. The English flag with its cross of St. George waved
over the capital. The stout Castillo, the narrow streets, and the name
St. Augustine remained.
_British Rule Begins_
St. Augustine became virtually deserted except for the presence of the
English staff and garrison. Dust and cobwebs soon covered the Spanish
shrines. Weeds and brush grew deep in the yards of the vacated homes. As
time went on a few English families began to move in, and English
gentlemen of wealth and standing arrived to look over this new province
which their country had acquired.
On a hot August day of 1764 a salute of the fort’s guns greeted the
arrival of Colonel James Grant, who came from London to serve as East
Florida’s first English governor. He had earlier led an expedition
against French-held Fort Duquesne (Pittsburgh) and had served in the
Cherokee Indian wars in Carolina.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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