Who, indeed, can adequately express the gifts which the world's Creator and Redeemer here promises to His favoured servant? Thus in the fourth century S. Chrysostome labours to set them forth. "See how He raises Peter to a higher opinion of Himself; and reveals and shews Himself to be the Son of God by these two promises. For what belongs to God alone, to loose sins, and to render the Church immovable in such an assault of waves, and to make a fisherman more solid than any rock, when the whole world was at war with him, these are what He promises to give him; as the Father addressing Jeremias, said: 'I have made thee an iron pillar and a wall,' but him to one nation, whereas the other to the whole world. Willingly would I ask those who wish to diminish the dignity of the Son, which are the greatest gifts, those which the Father gave to Peter, or those which the Son. For the Father bestowed on Peter the revelation of the Son; but the Son disseminated that of the Father and of Himself through the whole world; and _put into the hands of a mortal man power over all things in heaven, when He gave the keys to him_ who extended the Church through the whole world, and showed it to be firmer than the heaven."[24] And not many years later S. Leo says, "That which the Truth ordered remains; and blessed Peter persisting in that strength of the rock which he received, has not deserted the guidance, once undertaken, of the Church. For thus was he set before the rest, that while he is called the Rock, while he is declared to be the foundation, while he is appointed the door-keeper of the kingdom of heaven, while he is advanced to be the judge of what shall be bound and what loosed, with the condition that his sentence shall be ratified even in heaven, _we might learn through the very mysteries of the names given to him, how he was associated with Christ_."[25] This association passed, indeed, into the very mind of the Church, for among all the titles given by fathers and councils and liturgies to Peter, and expressing his prerogatives, the one contained in this name is the most frequent. Thus he is termed, [26]"the rock of the Church," [27]"the rock of the Church that was to be built," [28]"underlying the building of the Church," [29]"receiving on himself the building of the Church," [30]"the immovable rock," [31]"the rock which the proud gates of hell prevail not against," [32]"the most solid rock," [33]"he to whom the Lord granted the participation of His own title, the rock," [34]"the foundation second from Christ," [35]"the great foundation of the Church," [36]"the foundation and basis," [37]"founding the Church by his firmness," [38]"the support of the Church," [39]"the Apostle in whom is the Church's support," [40]"the support of the faith," [41]"the pillar of the Church," and by an authority sufficient alone to terminate all controversy, the great Council of Chalcedon,[42] "the rock and foundation of the Catholic Church, and the basis of the