Statement of the Provision for the Poor, and of the Condition of the Labouring Classes in a Considerable Portion of America and Europe: Being the preface to the foreign communications contained in the appendix to the Poor-Law ReportSenior, Nassau William
History
Statement of the Provision for the Poor, and of the Condition of the Labouring Classes in a Considerable Portion of America and Europe: Being the preface to the foreign communications contained in the appendix to the Poor-Law Report
Senior, Nassau William
Poor -- Europe; Poor -- United States; Working class
The lands of these colonies are divided into farms of
thirty-two bonniers, or about eighty acres each, half arable,
half pasture. To each of these farms are attached forty or
fifty colonists, who work under the orders of a superintendent,
who himself follows the instructions of a sub-director. The
annual expenditure on each of these farms is fixed at 1680
flor., or 140_l._
The accounts between the society and the colonists are kept in
the military form. Each colonist carries a book, in which is
entered the work which he has performed each day, the supplies
and paper money which he has received, and his share of the
general expenditure. If his earnings exceed what has been laid
out on him, which is said to be commonly the case, a third of
the excess is given to him in paper money, another third is
placed in a savings’ bank, to be given him on his leaving the
colony, and the remaining third is retained by the society to
meet contingent expenses.
Horse-patrols round the colonies, rewards to such as bring back
colonists who have attempted to escape, and a uniform dress
are the means employed to prevent desertion. The colonists
are detained for 6 years, unless they have previously saved
12½ flor. (1_l._ 10_d._), which entitles them to immediate
discharge.
Orphans are admitted in the orphan colonies at the age of six.
They work, either in-doors or in the fields, for a part of
the day, another part is employed in elementary instruction,
drawing, and singing. They leave the colonies at the age of 18,
generally for the sea or land service.
The colonies for indigent persons and veterans serve as
preparatory residences for those who are to be placed in the
free colonies. These colonists dwell with their families in
the outer apartments of the great buildings, the interior
quadrangles of which are inhabited by the mendicants and
orphans. Like the mendicants, they are considered day
labourers, and paid according to their work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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