Statement of the Provision for the Poor, and of the Condition of the Labouring Classes in a Considerable Portion of America and Europe: Being the preface to the foreign communications contained in the appendix to the Poor-Law ReportSenior, Nassau William
History
Statement of the Provision for the Poor, and of the Condition of the Labouring Classes in a Considerable Portion of America and Europe: Being the preface to the foreign communications contained in the appendix to the Poor-Law Report
Senior, Nassau William
Poor -- Europe; Poor -- United States; Working class
Art. 10.--In all cases, those who enter voluntarily, as well
as those who are forced to enter, are, from the moment of
admission, considered as paupers, and whatever they possess
becomes the property of the foundation.
Art. 11.--In case of extraordinarily good conduct on the part
of a pauper, when there is reasonable hope that he can support
himself, or if he wishes to enter the service of a respectable
family, the Council of Foundation may permit him to leave the
Institution. In this case his property is restored to him,
after deducting, from a person capable of work, 58f., and from
one incapable of work 88f. The expense of their residence is
deducted from the property of the sick.
All persons of the age of fourteen, who cannot prove that they
are in the service of a respectable family, may be forced to
work in the Institution.
Art. 12.--All persons of either sex, who are not in a state to
maintain themselves, either from their property or by industry,
and who become chargeable to others may be admitted; but,
before the police can require their admission, it must be shown
that they have been punished three times, either for mendicity
or theft--(p. 501.)
Regulations of this severity prove that the able-bodied paupers at
least are a small and degraded class, exciting little sympathy, for
whom enough is supposed to be done if they are prevented from starving.
As far indeed as can be collected from the Weinsberg regulations, the
undeserving may be utterly refused relief, since it does not appear
that relief is to be given out of the house, and the applications for
admission by undeserving objects are to be rejected.
The actual working of the system may be best inferred from the detailed
accounts supplied by Sir Edward Disbrowe of 18 parishes.
Of these four, that is Obertürkheim, Osweil, Necker Weihingen,
and Egolsheim, provide for their poor by rates levied on all the
inhabitants. During each of four years, from 1829 to 1832 inclusive,
the persons receiving relief in Obertürkheim were three out of a
population of 842, at an annual expense of 5_l._ 0_s._ 3_d._, or about
1½_d._ per head on the whole population. In Osweil the average number
was eight, out of a population of 1608; average annual expense 25_l._,
or about 3½_d._ a head. In Necker Weihingen, of which the population
is 1070, the persons relieved were, in 1829, one man; in 1830, one man
and one woman; in 1831, one man and one woman; and the annual expense
in 1829 was 5_l._; and in each of the years 1830 and 1831, 4_l._ 3_s._
4_d._, or about 1_d._ a head. The number relieved in Egolsheim, of
which the population is 618, is not mentioned; but it must have been
very trifling, since the average annual expense is stated at 2_l._
1_s._ 8_d._, which is less than 1_d._ per head.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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