Statement of the Provision for the Poor, and of the Condition of the Labouring Classes in a Considerable Portion of America and Europe: Being the preface to the foreign communications contained in the appendix to the Poor-Law ReportSenior, Nassau William
History
Statement of the Provision for the Poor, and of the Condition of the Labouring Classes in a Considerable Portion of America and Europe: Being the preface to the foreign communications contained in the appendix to the Poor-Law Report
Senior, Nassau William
Poor -- Europe; Poor -- United States; Working class
In the first year of its formation the Society established the
Free Colony, called Frederiks-Oord, on the heaths between the
provinces of Drenthe, Friesland, and Over-Yssel. It consisted
of 52 small farms, part of which had been previously cultivated
by the Society, of a store-house, of several workshops, a
school, &c. It was peopled with families, indigent, but not
dependent altogether on alms. The expense of its foundation
amounted to 68,000 flor. (5666_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._), and was
defrayed out of the annual subscriptions and donations of the
members of the _Société de bienfaisance_; and in order to give
employment to the colonists during the dead season of the year,
the Society engaged to purchase from them 26,000 ells of linen.
In 1819, the Society proposed to the directors of the Orphan
Institutions throughout the kingdom, to take charge, at a
fixed annual payment, of any number of orphans of the age
of six years, leaving to those institutions the right of
superintending their treatment. To meet this expense, the
society borrowed 280,000 flor. (23,333_l._ 6_s._ 10_d._). The
orphans were for a time placed in separate dwellings, six
orphans with two elderly persons, to act as their parents,
in each. But afterwards almost all were collected into large
buildings. In the same year the members of the society had
increased to 22,500, and their subscriptions to 82,500 flor.
or 6875_l._, and the society was enabled to establish two other
free colonies, and to place in them 150 families.
In 1820, the society borrowed 100,000 flor. more, or 8333_l._
6_s._ 8_d._, which, with donations to the amount of 78,000
flor. or 6500_l._, enabled it during that year to settle 150
more families.
In 1821, the society by means of loans and subscriptions had
collected a sum of 421,000 flor. or 35,083_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._, of
which 300,000 flor., or 25,000_l._ was borrowed, and 121,000
flor., or 10,983_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._ subscribed, and was possessed
of seven free colonies, consisting of 500 small farms, with the
public buildings to which we have alluded.
In 1822 the society founded the first colony for the repression
of mendicity; and engaged with the Government to receive and
settle on its colonies 4000 orphans, 2500 indigent persons, and
1500 mendicants, the Government engaging to pay for each orphan
45 florins, or 3_l._ 15_s._ a year, for 16 years, but nothing
for the others. As yet the society has fulfilled only a part
of its engagements. It has, however, established every kind of
colony which we have enumerated.
_Frederiks-Oord._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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