E-text prepared by Paul Marshall, Donald Cummings, Adrian Mastronardi, the Philatelic Digital Library Project (https://www.librarything.com/groups/tpdlp), and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made available by Internet Archive (https://archive.org) Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the original illustrations. See 58849-h.htm or 58849-h.zip: (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/58849/58849-h/58849-h.htm) or (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/58849/58849-h.zip) Images of the original pages are available through Internet Archive. See https://archive.org/details/steamnavigation00croiuoft Transcriber's note: Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). Text enclosed by equal signs is in bold face (=bold=). A caret character is used to denote superscription. A single character following the caret is superscripted (example: M^cLENNAN). Small capitals have been converted to all capitals. STEAM NAVIGATION. [Illustration: LORD MOUNTSTEPHEN. LORD STRATHCONA. SIR SANDFORD FLEMING.] STEAM NAVIGATION AND ITS RELATION TO THE COMMERCE OF CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. by JAMES CROIL, Montreal. Author of “Dundas: A Sketch of Canadian History.” With Illustrations and Portraits. Toronto: William Briggs. Montreal: The Montreal News Company, Limited 1898. Entered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in the year one thousand eight hundred and ninety-eight, by William Briggs, at the Department of Agriculture. _This Volume is dedicated by permission to His Excellency the Earl of Aberdeen, K.T., G.C.M.G., etc., Governor-General of Canada from 1893 to 1898, a nobleman who will long be gratefully remembered as the benefactor and friend of all classes of the community, and who, with his Consort, The Countess of Aberdeen, LL.D. will always be associated by the Canadian people with a period in their history of great national prosperity, their joint efforts in furthering lofty ideals having done much to advance the highest interests of the Dominion._ [Illustration] IN HONOUR OF THE MEN by whose enterprise, courage, and skill THE ROYAL WILLIAM