But this mistake was not made by the early colonists. If we think of the names of the colonies which stretched along the east of North America, we find nearly always that the names are chosen to do honour to the English king or queen, or to keep the memory fresh of some beloved spot in the old country. In 1632 the Catholic Lord Baltimore founded a new colony, the only one where the Catholic religion was tolerated, and called it _Maryland_, in honour of Charles I.'s queen, Henrietta Maria. Just after the Restoration of Charles II. in 1660, when the country was full of loyalty, a new colony, _Carolina_, was founded, taking its name from _Carolus_, the Latin for "Charles." Afterwards this colony was divided into two, and became North and South Carolina. To the north of Maryland lay the _New Netherlands_, for Holland had also colonized here. In the seventeenth century this little nation was for a time equal to the greatest nations in Europe. The Dutch had very soon followed the example of that other little nation Portugal, which, directed by the famous Prince Henry of Portugal, had been the first of all the European nations to explore far-off lands. Holland was as important on the seas as Spain or England; but this could not last long. The Dutch and the English fought several campaigns, and in the end the Dutch were beaten. In 1667 the New Netherlands were yielded up to England. The name of the colony was changed to _New York_, and its capital, New Amsterdam, was given the same name. This was in honour of the sailor prince, James, Duke of York, afterwards the unhappy King James II. Another of the Stuarts who gave his name to a district of North America was Prince Rupert, the nephew of Charles I., who fought so hard for the king against Cromwell. In 1670 the land round Hudson Bay was given the name of _Rupertsland_. Sometimes, but not often, the new colonies were given the names of their founders. William Penn, who founded the Quaker colony of _Pennsylvania_, gave it this name in honour of his father, Admiral Penn. _Sylvania_ means "land of woods," and comes from the Latin _sylvanus_, or "woody." But it is not only in America that the place-names tell us the stories of heroism and romance. All over the world, from the icy lands round the Poles to the tropical districts of Africa, India, and Australia, these stories can be read. The spirit in which the early Portuguese adventurers sailed along the coast of Africa is shown in the name they gave to what we now know as the _Cape of Good Hope_. Bartholomew Diaz called it the _Cape of Storms_, for he had discovered it only after terrible battlings with the waves; but when he sailed home to tell his news the king of Portugal said that this was not a good name, but it should instead be called the _Cape of Good Hope_, for past it lay the sea passage to India which men had been seeking for years. And so the _Cape of Good Hope_ it remains to this day.