------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcriber’s Note: This version of the text cannot represent certain typographical effects. Italics are delimited with the ‘_’ character as _italic_. Footnotes have been moved to follow the paragraphs in which they are referenced. All Essays were subdivided into titled sections except Essay I (Roman and British Empires) and Essay IV. (Primitive Iceland). The table of contents includes references to the Essays in Volume II. Minor errors, attributable to the printer, have been corrected. Please see the transcriber’s note at the end of this text for details regarding the handling of any textual issues encountered during its preparation. STUDIES IN HISTORY AND JURISPRUDENCE HENRY FROWDE, M.A. PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD LONDON, EDINBURGH NEW YORK STUDIES IN HISTORY AND JURISPRUDENCE BY JAMES BRYCE, D.C.L. AUTHOR OF ‘THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE,’ ‘THE AMERICAN COMMONWEALTH,’ ETC. FORMERLY REGIUS PROFESSOR OF CIVIL LAW IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD; HONORARY FELLOW OF ORIEL AND TRINITY COLLEGES, CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE IN TWO VOLUMES VOLUME I OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1901 OXFORD PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, M.A. PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY THESE VOLUMES WERE TO HAVE BEEN OFFERED TO HENRY SIDGWICK (LATE PROFESSOR OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE) WITH WHOM I HAD OFTEN DISCUSSED THE TOPICS THEY DEAL WITH, AND IN WHOM I HAD ADMIRED, DURING AN INTIMATE FRIENDSHIP OF NEARLY FORTY YEARS, A SUBTLE AND FERTILE MIND, A CHARACTER OF SINGULAR PURITY AND BEAUTY, AND AN UNFAILING LOVE OF TRUTH. THEY ARE NOW DEDICATED TO HIS MEMORY. PREFACE