182 _Taanith_, 8_a_. 183 _Arachin_, 16_b_. 184 _Sayings of the Fathers_, iv. 15. 185 See _Chagigah_, 5_a_. 186 _Sabbath_, 55_a_. 187 _Menachoth_, 29_b_. 188 _Taanith_, 25_a_. 189 _Gen. Rabbah_, xxvii.; _Pessikta_, 136_b_; _Sanhedrin_, vi. 5; _Berachoth_, 7_a_. 190 _Sayings of the Fathers_, i. 3, p. 27, ed. Taylor. See also note 8. 191 _Abodah Zarah_, 19_a_; _Siphré_, 79_b_. 192 _Berachoth_, 58_b_. 193 See _Exod. R._, 30, and parallels. 194 See ראשית חבמה, i. 9. 195 See רמתים נמים, 33_b_. 196 See _Sabbath_, 55_b_, and _Siphra_, 27_a_. 197 _Judaism and Christianity, a Sketch of the Progress of Thought from Old Testament to New Testament_, by C. H. Toy, Professor in Harvard University. London, 1890. 198 See _Pessikta_ of R. Kahana, 61_b_, and parallels, and _Erubin_, 13_b_. 199 Tal. Jer., _Sabbath_, 5_b_. 200 מטטרון, the name of an angel, already found in the Talmud, but playing a more important part in the _Book of Chambers_, where he is identified with Enoch. The etymology of the word is doubtful, some authors considering it to be of Persian origin (_Mithra_); others again deriving it from the Greek μετὰ τύραννον, or μετὰ θρόνον. 201 ספירות. 202 מימרא, “The Word,” sometimes substituted for God. See J. Levy’s _Chaldäisches Wörterbuch_, _s.v._ 203 בחר, אדם קדמון. 204 _Mechilta_, 104_a_. 205 See Tal. Jer., _Yoma_, 45_b_. Cf. Maimonides, _Mishneh Torah_, הלבות שבת פב הג. 206 _Tosephta Berackoth_, iii. 7. 207 _Sabbath_, 10_b_. The name of the Rabbi is not given, but the fact that R. Simeon b. Gamaliel (160 A.C.) already refers to this interpretation makes it clear that its anonymous author must have lived at least a generation before. 208 כום של קדוש. 209 See _Midrash_ to the Psalms xcii. and _Deut. Rabbah_ iii. The Rabbis perceived in the words וקראת לשבת עננ (Isa. lviii. 13), a command to make the Sabbath a day of pleasure, whilst the word הסצף was understood by them to mean “needs,” “wants,” or “business” (_not_ “pleasure”). Cf. _Sabbath_, 113_a_ and _b_. 210 See _Gen. Rabbah_, xi. (and parallels), and _Sabbath_, 119_a_. 211 See _Maaseh Torah_ (ed. Schönblum) and _Deut. Rabbah_, i. 212 _Sabbath_, 25_b_ and 119_a_. 213 _Betsah_, 16_a_. Cf. Baer’s notes in his _Prayer‐Book_, p. 203 _seq._ 214 See _Sabbath_, 119_b_, and _Gen. Rabbah_, xi. 215 See _Sabbath_, 10_b_, and _Gen. Rabbah_, _ibid._ 216 תפלין. 217 _Nazir_, 23_b_. 218 אור זרוה by R. Isaac b. Moses of Vienna (thirteenth century), mostly on legal subjects. 219 יוחסין, Yuchasin. 220 מכלל, Miklal. 221 זרעים, מועד, the former treating of the agricultural laws of the Bible, the latter of those relating to the Sabbath, Passover, and other festivals. 222 מחזר, “Cycle,” containing the liturgy for the festivals.