Studies in Spermatogenesis (Part 2 of 2)Stevens, N. M. (Nettie Maria)
Science
Studies in Spermatogenesis (Part 2 of 2)
Stevens, N. M. (Nettie Maria)
Sex; Spermatogenesis
The spermatids show some interesting variations from the other species
which have been examined. In figures 178 and 179 we have telophases of
the second spermatocyte, showing centrosome and archoplasm (fig. 178)
and certain masses of deeply staining material in the cytoplasm (fig.
179, _a_{1}_). Figures 180 and 181 are young spermatids showing the
archoplasm from the second spindle (_a_{2}_) and a smaller, more deeply
staining mass (_a_{1}_), derived from the irregular masses of the
earlier stage (fig. 179, _a_{1}_). In figures 182 and 183, the axial
fiber has appeared and the larger mass of archoplasm (_a_{2}_) is being
transformed into a sheath. The other body remains unchanged. During the
following stages this smaller archoplasmic body (_a_{1}_) lies in close
contact with the axial fiber and sheath (_a_{2}_), and gradually
decreases in size (figs. 184-186) until it disappears in a slightly
later stage. The acrosome seems to develop directly out of the
cytoplasm. The enigmatical body (_a_{1}_), which is probably archoplasm
from the first maturation spindle, as it is not found in the cytoplasm
of the first spermatocyte, may serve as nutriment for the developing
axial fiber. The sperm head has a peculiar triangular form, staining
more deeply on two sides.
Miscellaneous Coleoptera.
Considerable material from the spruce borers was collected at Harpswell,
Maine, but the species were not identified. Although these insects were
in the pupa stage, most of the testes were too old. There were no
dividing spermatogonia and few spermatocyte mitoses. Most of the
spermatocytes contained 10 chromosomes, one of which was plainly an
unequal pair. In a few testes the number was 11, indicating that pupæ of
two species had been collected. Figure 187 shows the metaphase of first
spermatocyte mitosis with the unequal pair in metakinesis. Figures 188
and 189 are first spermatocyte equatorial plates of the two species,
containing 10 and 11 chromosomes respectively. Figure 190 is a first
spermatocyte spindle in anaphase, showing the unequal pair behind the
other chromosomes. Figure 191 is an equatorial plate from a second
spermatocyte, showing the small chromosome. In figure 192 are shown
several of the bivalent chromosomes, including the unsymmetrical pair,
from nuclear prophases of the first division, all from the same cyst.
_Adalia bipunctata_ (family Coccinellidæ), the common lady beetle, has a
very conspicuous pair of unequal heterochromosomes, as may be seen in
figures 193-197 (plate XIII). This would seem to be a favorable form for
determining the chromosome conditions in somatic cells, but no clear
equatorial plates were found in either larvæ or pupæ.
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