XXXVIII. (_a_) Roger Bacon’s Diagram of the Eye: thirteenth century (British Museum MS. Roy. 7 F. VIII, fo. 50 _v_). (_b_) Leonardo da Vinci’s Diagram of the Heart: early sixteenth century (from a drawing in Windsor Castle) 103 XXXIX. Miracles at the Tomb of Edward the Confessor, from Norman-French thirteenth-century MS. (University Library, Cambridge, MS. Ee. iii. 59) 166 XL. Queen Mary Tudor blessing Cramp-Rings (from Queen Mary’s Illuminated MS. Manual, in the Library of the Roman Catholic Cathedral at Westminster) 178 XLI. Facsimile of the _Tractatus de Causis et Indiciis Morborum_, attributed to Maimonides (Bodleian MS., Marsh 379) 225 ILLUSTRATIONS IN TEXT SCIENTIFIC VIEWS AND VISIONS OF SAINT HILDEGARD FIGURE PAGE 1. The Hildegard Country 3 2. Hildegard’s First Scheme of the Universe (slightly simplified from the Wiesbaden Codex B, fo. 14 _r_) 9 3. Hildegard’s Second Scheme of the Universe (reconstructed from her measurements) 29 4. Dante’s Scheme of the Universe (slightly modified from Michelangelo Caetani, duca di Sermoneta, _La materia della Divina Commedia di Dante Allighieri dichiarata in VI tavole_) 31 5. Diagram of the Zones (from Herrade de Landsberg, _Hortus deliciarum_) 40 6, 7. Melothesiae (from R. Fludd, _Historia utriusque cosmi_, 1619) 41 8. The Microcosm (from R. Fludd, _Philosophia sacra seu astrologia cosmica_, 1628) 42 9. Diagram illustrating the relationship of the Planets to the Brain (from Herrade de Landsberg, _Hortus deliciarum_) 48 A STUDY IN EARLY RENAISSANCE ANATOMY 1. The first printed picture of Dissection (from the French translation of Bartholomaeus Anglicus, 1482) 80 2. Dissection Scene in the open air (Title-page of Mellerstadt’s edition of the _Anatomy_ of Mondino, 1493) 82 3. Dissection Scene (from the 1495 edition of ‘Ketham’) 83 4. The first picture of Dissection in an English-printed book (from the English translation of Bartholomaeus Anglicus, printed by Wynkyn de Worde, 1495) 85 5. A Lecture on Anatomy (from the 1535 edition of Berengar of Carpi’s Commentary on Mondino) 85 6. Diagrams of the Internal Organs (after Bodleian MS. Ashmole 399, of about 1298) 88