[189] [The larva of _Acherontia Morta_, figured by Butler (see note 121, p. 262), possesses the characteristically recurved horn; that of _Ach. Medusa_ figured by the same author, does not appear to possess this character in any marked degree. R.M.] [190] [See note 97, p. 233. R.M.] [191] _Loc. cit._ Pl. XXV. [This species is referred by Butler to the genus _Paonias_, Hübn. R.M.] [192] Abbot and Smith, Pl. XXIX. [Placed by Butler in the genus _Cressonia_, Grote and Robinson. Abbot and Smith state that this larva is sometimes green. According to Mr. Herman Strecker (Lepidop. Rhopal. and Hetero, Reading, Pa. 1874, p. 54) it feeds upon black walnut (_Juglans Nigra_), hickory (_Carya Alba_), and ironwood (_Ostrya Virginica_). Of the North American species of _Smerinthus_, the following, in addition to _Excæcatus_, closely resemble our _Ocellatus_:--_S. (Calasymbolus) Geminatus_, Say; _(C.) Cerisii_, Kirby; and _Ophthalmicus_, Boisd. In addition to _S. (Cressonia) Juglandis_, _S. (Triptogon) Modesta_ much resembles our _Populi_. The larva of _Geminatus_, according to Strecker, is “pale green, lightest above, with yellow lateral granulated stripes; caudal horn violet; stigmata red. It feeds on the willow.” R.M.] [193] Cat. Brit. Mus. [194] [This lengthening of the true legs is mimetic according to Hermann Müller, and causes the anterior portion of the caterpillar to resemble a spider. See note 129, p. 290. R.M.] [195] [Certain butterflies appear to be crepuscular, if not nocturnal in their habits. Thus in his “Notes on the Lepidoptera of Natal,” Mr. W. D. Gooch states that he never saw _Melanitis_, _Leda_, or _Gnophodes Parmeno_ on the wing by day, but generally during the hour after sunset. He adds:--“My sugar always attracted them freely, even up to 10 or 11 p.m.” Many species of _Hesperidæ_ are also stated to be of crepuscular habits by this same observer. See “Entomologist,” vol xvi. pp. 38 and 40. R.M.] [196] I only make this assumption for the sake of simplicity, and not because I am convinced that the existing _Rhopalocera_ are actually the oldest Lepidopterous group. [197] Zeitschrift für wissenschaftl. Zoologie, vol. xx. p. 519. [198] [See for instance Lubbock’s “Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects,” chap. iii.; and F. M. Balfour’s “Comparative Embryology,” vol. i., 1880, pp. 327--356. This last work contains an admirable _résumé_ of our knowledge of the embryonic development of insects up to the date of publication. R.M.] [199] Are not the 4th, 11th, and 12th segments destitute of the rudiments of legs as in the larvæ of all existing saw-flies? I might almost infer this from Bütschli’s figures (see for instance Pl. XXV., Fig. 17A).