Fig. 40. Stage III.; after second moult; magnified drawing of the last five segments. Only one row of large white spots on a black ground (ring-spots); subdorsal completely vanished; the shagreen-dots formerly absent now appear in vertical rows interrupted only by the ring-spots. Below the latter are some enlarged shagreen-dots which subsequently become the second ring-spots. Natural length of the entire caterpillar, 21 millim. Fig. 41. Stage IV.; the same larva after the third moult. Transformation of the ground-colour from green to black, owing to the spread of the black patches proceeding from the ring-spots in Fig. 40 in such a manner as to leave between them only a narrow green triangle. The shagreen dots below the ring-spots have increased in size, but have not yet coalesced. Fig. 42. Stage III.; larva, same age as Fig. 40, but with _two rows_ of ring-spots. Natural length of the whole caterpillar, 32 millim. Fig. 43. Stage V.; larva from Kaiserstuhl. Variety with only one row of ring-spots, and with red nuclei in the mirror-spots. Natural length, 5 centim. Fig. 44. Stage V.; larva from Kaiserstuhl (like the three preceding). The green triangles on the posterior edges of the segments in Fig. 42 have become changed into red. Natural length, 7.5 centim. Fig. 45. _Deilephila Galii_; Stage IV. Subdorsal with open ring-spots. Natural length, 3.4 centim. Fig. 46. _D. Galii_; adult larva; Stage V. Brown variety with feeble shagreening; subdorsal completely vanished. Natural length, 6 centim. PLATE VI. Fig. 47. The same species at the same stage. Black variety strongly shagreened; similar to _Deil. Euphorbiæ_. Fig. 48. Similar to the last. Yellow var. without any trace of shagreening. Fig. 49. _Deilephila Vespertilio._ Three stages in the life of the species, representing three phyletic stages of the genus. A, life-stage III.=phyletic stage 3 (subdorsal with open ring-spots); B, life-stage IV.=phyletic stage 4 (subdorsal with closed ring-spots); C, life-stage V.=phyletic stage 5 (subdorsal vanished, only _one_ row of ring-spots). Fig. 50. _Deilephila Zygophylli_, from S. Russia; stage V. From a blown specimen in Staudinger’s collection. In this specimen the ring-spots are difficult to distinguish on account of the extremely dark ground-colour; they are nevertheless present, and would probably be more distinct in the living insect. A, open ring-spot from another specimen of this species in the same collection. Fig. 51. _Deilephila Nicæa_, from South France; Stage V. Copied from Duponchel. Fig. 52. _Sphinx Convolvuli_; Stage V., segments 10-8. Brown variety, with distinct white spots at the points of intercrossing of the vanished subdorsal with the oblique stripes. Fig. 53. _Anceyrx Pinastri_; A and B, larvæ immediately after hatching. Natural length, 6 millim. Fig. 54. Same species; Stage II. Subdorsal, supra- and infra-spiracular lines developed. Natural length, 15 millim.