[Illustration: PLATE 46, FIGURE 145.--Pholiota praecox. Cap whitish, to cream, or leather color, stem white, gills white then ferruginous brown (natural size). Copyright.] Figure 145 is from plants (No. 2362, C. U. herbarium) collected on the campus of Cornell University, June, 1898. The taste is often slightly bitter. =Pholiota marginata= Batsch.--This is one of the very common species, a small one, occurring all during the autumn, on decaying trunks, etc., in the woods. The plants are usually clustered, though appearing also singly. They are from 4--10 cm. high, the cap 3--4 cm. broad, and the stem 3--5 µ in thickness. [Illustration: PLATE 47, FIGURE 146.--Pholiota adiposa. Cap very viscid, saffron-yellow or burnt umber or wood-brown in center, scales wood-brown to nearly black, stem whitish then yellowish; gills brownish, edge yellow (natural size, sometimes larger). Copyright.] The =pileus= is convex, then plane, tan or leather colored, darker when dry. It has a watery appearance (hygrophanous), somewhat fleshy, smooth, striate on the margin. The =gills= are joined squarely to the stem, crowded, at maturity dark reddish brown from the spores. [Illustration: FIGURE 147.--Pholiota marginata. Cap and stem tan or leather color, gills dark reddish brown when mature (natural size). Copyright.] The =stem= is cylindrical, equal, smooth, fistulose, of the same color as the pileus, becoming darker, and often with whitish fibrils at the base. The =annulus= is distant from the apex of the stem, and often disappears soon after the expansion of the pileus. Figure 147 is from plants (No. 2743, C. U. herbarium) collected near Ithaca. =Pholiota unicolor= Vahl, is a smaller plant which grows in similar situations. The plants are usually clustered, 3--5 cm. high, and the caps 6--12 mm. in diameter, the annulus is thin but entire and persistent. The entire plant is bay brown, becoming ochraceous in color, and the margin of the cap in age is striate, first bell-shaped, then convex and somewhat umbonate. The gills are lightly adnexed. =Pholiota adiposa= Fr.--The fatty pholiota usually forms large clusters during the autumn, on the trunks of trees, stumps, etc. It is sometimes of large size, measuring up to 15 cm. and the pileus up to 17 cm. broad. Specimens collected at Ithaca during October, 1899, were 8--10 cm. high, the pileus 4--8 cm. broad, and the stems 5--9 mm. in thickness. The plants grew eight to ten in a cluster and the bases of the stems were closely crowded and loosely joined.