The =pileus= is convex, then expanded, the margin more or less inrolled, then incurved, prominently umbonate, very viscid when moist, the ground color a saffron yellow or in the center burnt umber to wood brown. The cuticle of the pileus is plain or torn into scales which are wood brown, or when close together they are often darker, sometimes nearly black. The flesh is saffron yellow, thick at the center of the cap, thinning out toward the margin, spongy and almost tasteless. The =gills= are adnate, and sometimes a little notched, brown (mars brown), and the edge yellow, 6--7 mm. broad. The =spores= are 8 × 5 µ. The =stem= tapers downward, is compact, whitish then yellow, saffron yellow, flesh vinaceous, viscid, and clothed more or less with reflexed (pointing downward) scales. The stem is somewhat cartilaginous, tough, but snapping off in places. The veil is thin floccose and sometimes with coarse scales, soon disappearing. Figure 146 is from plants (No. 3295, C. U. herbarium) collected on the Ithaca flats from a willow trunk, Oct. 10, 1899. =Pholiota aurivella= Batsch, which has been found in the United States, is closely related to _P. adiposa_. =Pholiota squarrosa= Müll., widely distributed and common in the autumn, both in Europe and America, on stumps and trunks, is a large, clustered, scaly plant, the scales "squarrose", and abundant over the pileus and on the stem below the annulus. It is brownish or ferruginous in color. =Pholiota squarrosoides= Pk., as its name indicates, is closely related to _P. squarrosa_. It has erect, pointed, persistent scales, especially when young, and has a similar habit to _squarrosa_, but differs chiefly in the pileus being viscid, while that of _P. squarrosa_ is dry. _P. subsquarrosa_ Fr., occurring in Europe, and also closely related to _P. squarrosa_, is viscid, the scales are closely appressed to the surface of the cap, while in _squarrosa_ they are prominent and revolute. =Pholiota cerasina= Pk., occurs on decaying trunks of trees during late summer. The plants grow in tufts. They are 5--12 cm. high, the caps 5--10 cm. in diameter, and the stems 4--8 mm. in thickness. The pileus is smooth, watery when damp, cinnamon in color when fresh, becoming yellowish in drying, and the flesh is yellowish. The stem is solid, and equal, the apex mealy. The annulus is not persistent, and the gills are crowded and notched. The spores are elliptical, and rugose, 5 × 8 µ. [Illustration: PLATE 48, FIGURE 148.--Pholiota squarrosoides. Entire plant brownish or reddish brown; pileus viscid (three-fourths natural size). Copyright.] [Illustration: PLATE 49, FIGURE 149.--Pholiota johnsoniana. Cap yellowish to yellowish brown, stem whitish, gills grayish then rust-brown (natural size). Copyright.]