------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcriber’s Note: This version of the text cannot represent certain typographical effects. Italics are delimited with the ‘_’ character as _italic_. A carat (‘^’) is used to mark superscripted characters. Footnotes have been moved to follow the paragraphs in which they are referenced. Minor errors, attributable to the printer, have been corrected. Please see the transcriber’s note at the end of this text for details regarding the handling of any textual issues encountered during its preparation. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ STUDIES OF CHILDHOOD ------------------------------------------------------------------------ STUDIES OF CHILDHOOD BY JAMES SULLY, M. A., LL. D. GROTE PROFESSOR OF PHILOSOPHY OF MIND AND LOGIC, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON AUTHOR OF OUTLINES OF PSYCHOLOGY, ETC. NEW YORK D. APPLETON AND COMPANY 1896 COPYRIGHT, 1895, BY D. APPLETON AND COMPANY. PREFACE. The following Studies are not a complete treatise on child-psychology, but merely deal with certain aspects of children’s minds which happen to have come under my notice, and to have had a special interest for me. In preparing them I have tried to combine with the needed measure of exactness a manner of presentation which should attract other readers than students of psychology, more particularly parents and young teachers. A part of these Studies has already appeared elsewhere. The Introductory Chapter was published in the _Fortnightly Review_ for November, 1895. The substance of those from II. to VIII. has been printed in the _Popular Science Monthly_ of New York. Portions of the “Extracts from a Father’s Diary” appeared in the form of two essays, one on “Babies and Science” in the _Cornhill Magazine_ in 1881, and the other on “Baby Linguistics” in the _English Illustrated Magazine_ in 1884. The original form of these, involving a certain disguise—though hardly one of impenetrable thickness—has been retained. The greater part of the study on “George Sand’s Childhood” was published as two articles in _Longmans’ Magazine_ in 1889 and 1890.