In these first attempts to sketch out a face we miss a sense of relative
position and of proportion. It is astonishing what a child on first
attempting to draw a human or animal form can do in the way of
dislocation or putting things into the wrong place. The little girl
mentioned by E. Cooke on trying, about the same age, to draw a cat from
a model actually put the circle representing the eye outside that of the
head. With this may be compared the drawings of Von den Steinen and
other Europeans made by his Brazil Indian companions, in which what was
distinctly said by the draughtsman to be the moustache was in more than
one instance set above the eyes (Fig. 4 (_c_)). When dots are inserted
in the linear scheme they are apt at first to be thrown in anyhow. The
two eyes, I find, when these only are given, may be put one above the
other as well as one by the side of the other, and both arrangements
occur in the drawings of the same child. And much later when greater
attention to position is observable there is a general tendency to put
the group of features too high up, _i.e._, to make the forehead or brain
region too small in proportion to the chin region (_cf._ above, Fig. 2,
p. 336).[243]
-----
Footnote 243:
M. Passy calls attention to this in his interesting note on children’s
drawings, _Revue Philosophique_, 1891, p. 614 ff. I find however that
though the error is a common one it is not constant.
-----
[Illustration: Fig. 5 (_a_).]
The want of proportion is still more plainly seen in the treatment of
the several features. The eye, as already remarked, is apt to be
absurdly large. In the drawing of Mr. Cooke’s little girl mentioned
above it is actually larger than the head outside which it lies. This
enlargement continues to appear frequently in later drawings, more
particularly when one eye only is introduced, as in the accompanying
drawing by a boy in his seventh year (Fig. 5 (_a_); _cf._ above, Fig. 4
(_b_)). The mouth is apt to be even more disproportionate, the child
appearing to delight in making this appalling feature supreme, as in the
following examples, both by boys of five (Fig. 5 (_b_) and (_c_)). The
ear, when it is added, is apt to be enormous, and generally the
introduction of new details as ears, hair, hands, is wont to be
emphasised by an exaggeration of their magnitude.
[Illustration: Fig. 5 (_b_).]
[Illustration: Fig. 5 (_c_).]
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