The first American writer on this subject was Noah Webster in 1647 and 1655. Following him was Warren, writing of the epidemic of 1789 and 1790, just 100 years before the last and greatest epidemic which preceded the present one. Rush and Drake also reported this epidemic. During that epidemic which prevailed in America from September to December, 1789, and appeared again in the spring of 1790, President Washington suffered a very severe attack. The year before, in 1788, when the epidemic prevailed abroad, the summer temperature in Paris was very variable, variations of 8, 10 and 12 degrees occurring on various days. La Grippe predominated all the time. The same variations were true in Vienna. At the end of the year 1799 the epidemic struck Russia, following very cloudy, misty weather, was prevalent in Lithuania in January of the year 1800 and in Poland during February. The next great epidemic occurred in 1802 and 1803, was very general, beginning in France and coinciding with a cold and moist autumn following a very dry summer. It was of six months’ duration in England. Many schools, jails, asylums and workhouses, although located in the area swept by this plague, at first escaped. As mentioned before, this striking feature has not been so unique in subsequent epidemics. One feature noticed here and commented upon freely was that elsewhere throughout the country there seemed to arise endemic foci. During this time there was also the prevailing belief that the disease was followed by phthisis. One other observation made here, which was accurate, lasting and is accepted today, was that no family was affected _en masse_, but always one individual case occurred first, to be followed by general infection of the others. At this time early bleeding was still adhered to. The French spoke of seven varieties of the disease, but one can only see in the classification emphasis laid on certain individual symptoms in this disease of complex symptomatology. During this epidemic pneumonia is said to have been very infrequent. The disease was particularly fatal to pregnant women, and the patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis were hurried off by the influenza. Burns, writing of the epidemic of 1831, mentioned that in 1810 the disease was very widespread in China and Manila, and also emphasized the fact mentioned in many works that certain epidemics prevailed among animals at the same time, stating that in 1831 these diseases were of choleric nature. This epidemic began in 1830 in the East, reached Paris in the summer of 1831, reappeared in Europe in 1833, following the same route that cholera had taken in 1832. In the epidemic of 1833, Hingeston also laid great stress on the fact that horses were often affected. These features, as mentioned by Burns and Hingeston, are frequently quoted by authors, and such observations seem to have been widely accepted.