Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek RacesGladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
History
Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek Races
Gladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
Civilization, Homeric; Epic poetry, Greek -- History and criticism; Homer
Such is the supposition upon which we already begin to find that
the testimony of the poems as a whole appears to converge. It is, I
grant, indirect, and fragmentary, and much of it conjectural; we may
greatly enlarge its quantity from sources not yet opened: but I wish to
direct particular attention to its unity and harmony, to the multitude
of indications which, though separate and individually slight, all
coincide with the theory that the Pelasgi supplied the _substratum_ of
the Greek population subsisting under dominant Hellic influences; and
to the fact, I would almost venture to add, that they can coincide with
nothing else.
_The Pelasgians; post-Homeric evidence._
We must proceed, however, to consider that portion of the evidence in
the case, which is external to the Homeric Poems.
Besides what has been up to this point incidentally touched, there is
a great mass of extra-Homeric testimony, which tends, when read in the
light of Homer, to corroborate the views which have here been taken of
the Pelasgi, as one of the main coefficients of the Greek nation.
In the first chapter of the able work of Bishop Marsh, entitled, _Horæ
Pelasgicæ_[355], will be found an ample collection of passages from
Greek writers, which, though many of them are in themselves slight,
and any one if taken singly could be of little weight for the purpose
of proof, yet collectively indicate that the possession of the entire
country at the remotest period by the Pelasgi was little less than an
universal and invariable tradition. I will here collect some portion of
the evidence which may be cited to this effect.
Coming next to Homer in time and in authority, Hesiod supports him, as
we have seen above[356], in associating Dodona both with the Pelasgic
and with the Hellic races; placing it, just as Homer does, in the midst
of the latter, and more distinctly than Homer indicating its foundation
by the former. It may be observed that, in a Fragment, he questionably
personifies Pelasgus[357].
Next we find the very ancient poet Asius, according to the quotation of
Pausanias[358], assigning the very highest antiquity to the Pelasgian
race, by making Pelasgus the father of men;
ἀντίθεον δὲ Πελασγὸν ἐν ὑψικόμοισιν ὄρεσσι
γαῖα μέλαιν’ ἀνέδωκεν, ἵνα θνητῶν γένος εἴη.
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