The etymology of the three first names seems obvious enough: and, though the persons are all rulers among their people, not one of them unequivocally presents the characteristics which we should regard as appropriate in Hellic names: although, from their being of the highest rank, we should be less surprised if the case were otherwise. As regards the first of the four, upon examining the class of names relating to the horse in the poems, we find, as far as I have observed, only Hipponous[553] among the Greeks. This rank does not clearly appear: but νόος, the second factor of the word, supplies the higher element. On the other side, in addition to Hippolochus, a name meaning horse-ambush, who was both Lycian and royal, we have Hippasus, Hippodamas, Hippodamus, Hippocoon, Hippomachus, and Hippotion. We have likewise, Melanippus, (Il. xvi. 695.) Echepolus, (Il. xvi. 417.) Euippus, (Il. xvi. 417.) Take again Pulæus, from πύλη. This name may mean porter or gate-keeper: it is scarcely susceptible of a high sense. In connection with the character of the Pelasgians as masons and builders of walled places, it is appropriate to them. Homer has three other names, and no more, which appear to be founded simply upon the term gate: Πύλων, Πυλάρτης, and Πυλαιμένης. They are all on the Trojan side. Next, we have a larger class of names, where a strong infusion of the Pelasgic character may be expected: namely, those connected with Attica. Among these, three belong to its royal house, and in them we find no certain features of the Pelasgian kind. They are, 1. Erechtheus, } 2. Peteos, } From Il. ii. 547-52. 3. Menestheus, } The last of the three, however, seems, if derived from μένος, to belong to the higher class of names. Besides these three there are, 4. Pheidas, } 5. Stichius, } Il. xiii. 690, 1. 6. Bias, } 7. Iasus, } 8. Sphelus, } Il. xv. 332, 7, 8. 9. Boucolus. } Now the whole of these are commanders or officers; and yet four of them, Pheidas (φείδω), Stichius (στείχω), Sphelus (σφάλλω), and Boucolus (βούκολος), are in a marked manner of the Pelasgian class: Bias (βίη), may perhaps belong to it, as meaning mere physical force: and on the etymology of the ancient name Iasus I do not venture to speculate. Boucolus, like Boucolion, which we shall meet presently, deserves particular attention: we find nothing at all resembling it among the names which are (on other grounds) presumably Hellic. Other names in the poems, which there may be some reason, from their local connection, to presume Pelasgian, are, 1. Lycoorgus, } From Il. vii. 136, 149, where 2. Ereuthalion, } they are described as Arcadians. 3. Dmetor, Lord of Cyprus, from Od. xvii. 443. And perhaps we may add, 4. An Ion or Ian, as head of the Ἰάονες. 5. An Apis, the early eponymist of the Peloponnesus, or a part of it[554].