Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek RacesGladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
History
Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek Races
Gladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
Civilization, Homeric; Epic poetry, Greek -- History and criticism; Homer
In this passage we have Danae exhibited as the head of a line of
sovereigns through Perseus, who occupied the most ancient and
most distinguished seat of power in Greece, that of the Eastern
Peloponnesus. From her, indeed, the derivation of sovereignty is
locally continuous down to the time of Homer. Perseus is the father
of Sthenelus[627], and Sthenelus of Eurystheus. Next to him, we find
Pelops in possession of the throne, with a new sceptre, betokening
a new sovereignty. That is to say, he was no longer a merely local
sovereign, whose highest honour it was to be first in that class,
_primus inter pares_; but he had also acquired an extensive supremacy,
reaching beyond his own borders, or those of the Achaic Argos, and
embracing all Greece, with a multitude of islands[628].
Such is the line of Danae downwards: beginning with a son, whose
paternal extraction we shall consider hereafter[629]. And her epoch,
as we shall see, is six generations before the Trojan war. For tracing
her upwards, we have no means from Homer, except such as are afforded
by the word Ἀκρισιώνη. The use of a patronymic which describes Danae
as the daughter (most probably) of Acrisius, in some degree makes it
likely that Acrisius either was the brother of Danaus, or otherwise
collaterally related, rather than directly descended from him. For,
had Danae herself been descended from Danaus, it seems improbable
that she would have drawn her patronymic from the less distinguished
Acrisius, unless Danaus was a very remote ancestor. But this is very
improbable: for seven generations before Troy form the utmost limit
of Homer’s historical knowledge; and where all besides falls within
that line, it is improbable that there should be a single exception
reaching greatly beyond it. And again, from the course of migration, it
is likely that we should find his oldest traditions in Asia, and not
in Europe. On the other hand, that Homer should stop short in tracing
the lineage onwards, just before he came to the foreign immigrant,
is in exact conformity with what he has done in omitting to connect
Œdipus and Epicaste[630] with Cadmus, or Pelops with Tantalus. In the
former of these two cases, the omission all the more cogently suggests
design, because Epicaste is the only woman introduced in the Νεκυΐα
without mention of her husband, among all those, eight in number, of
whose cases he gives us the detail. It is most probable, therefore,
that Homer meant the genealogy to stand as follows: and at the least,
it must not be thought that the text of Homer gives countenance either
directly or indirectly to those later fables, which throw back the
first Greek dynasties into a very remote antiquity.
1. Danaus = Acrisius
|
2. Danae
3. Perseus
4. Sthenelus
5. Eurystheus (= Hercules) = Pelops
6. Atreus = Thyestes
7. Agamemnon = Ægisthus.
_Epoch of the dynasty._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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