Submarine Warfare, Past, Present, and FutureFyfe, Herbert C.
History
Submarine Warfare, Past, Present, and Future
Fyfe, Herbert C.
Submarine warfare
The enthusiasm of the French was somewhat lessened by the subsequent
accounts of the exploits of the submarine. It appeared that it was the
battleship _Charles Martel_ which received the _Gustave Zédé’s_ torpedo,
and that the latter, after her feat, crossed the bows of the
_Jauréguiberry_ so closely that the last named had to turn in her whole
length to avoid colliding with the submarine, which in war would have
been destroyed. It was also stated that the success of the _Gustave
Zédé_ was considerably minimised by the fact that Ajaccio was an
“inviolate” port and that the enemy had no necessity to keep a sharp
look-out when they knew themselves to be in absolute security, that the
_Gustave Zédé_ belonged to the same side as her “victim,” and that the
manœuvres did not commence officially until Wednesday night, whereas the
incident in question took place on Wednesday morning.
Certain cynical folk declared that the whole business was a
stage-managed affair designed to gratify the popular affection the
French had for the submarine, and to justify the naval department which
had exploited the engine of war. The majority of the French papers,
however, made the most of the _Gustave Zédé’s_ “splendid
accomplishment,” and seemed to imagine that the British Admiralty were
terror-stricken at the notion of what French submarines would be able to
accomplish in war.
The _Patrie_ published an interview a correspondent had at Toulon with
Lieutenant Jobart, who was in command of the _Gustave Zédé_. The officer
stated that the enemy were perfectly well aware of the departure of the
_Gustave Zédé_ from Toulon in tow of the tug _Utile_. As Ajaccio was
neared, Lieutenant Jobart dismissed the _Utile_, and lay on the surface
of the ocean waiting for the appearance of the enemy. He soon saw two
cruisers leave their anchorage, and he sank his vessel until they had
passed out of sight. On coming again to the surface, he saw that the
battleships were still at anchor, so he crept nearer, only sinking when
he saw the big vessels moving, and after he had taken his bearings for
an attack on the _Charles Martel_, and when the battleship passed over
the _Gustave Zédé_, the torpedo was fired which struck the vessel, and
thus warned the Fleet that a submarine was in the harbour. The
lieutenant asserts that none of the look-out men on the warship observed
him, but when the torpedo had been fired he rose to the surface,
whereupon two shots were fired from the Fleet, and he sank at once,
remaining below the surface until the last vessel of the Fleet was out
of the harbour, and the submarine was beyond range. The _Journal_ stated
that Admiral Gervais had indirectly warned the squadron of the
participation of the _Gustave Zédé_ by recommending it to act as if
threatened by an attack of submarines.
The Paris correspondent of the _Times_ wrote as follows:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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