Transcriber’s Note Italic text displayed as: _italic_ Bold text displayed as: =bold= The Cambridge Manuals of Science and Literature SUBMERGED FORESTS CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS London: FETTER LANE, E.C. C. F. CLAY, MANAGER [Illustration: Decoration] Edinburgh: 100, PRINCES STREET London: H. K. LEWIS, 136, GOWER STREET, W.C. WILLIAM WESLEY & SON, 28, ESSEX STREET, STRAND Berlin: A. ASHER AND CO. Leipzig: F. A. BROCKHAUS New York: G. P. PUTNAM’S SONS Bombay and Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO., LTD. _All rights reserved_ [Illustration: Buried Forest seen at low water at Dove Point, on the Cheshire coast] [Illustration: SUBMERGED FORESTS BY CLEMENT REID, F.R.S. Cambridge: at the University Press 1913] Cambridge: PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS _With the exception of the coat of arms at the foot, the design on the title page is a reproduction of one used by the earliest known Cambridge printer, John Siberch, 1521_ PREFACE Knowledge cannot be divided into compartments, each given a definite name and allotted to a different student. There are, and always must be, branches of knowledge in which several sciences meet or have an interest, and these are somewhat liable to be neglected. If the following pages arouse an interest in one of the by-ways of science their purpose has been fulfilled. C. R. _February 17, 1913._ CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE Preface v I. Introductory 1 II. The Thames Valley 11 III. The East Coast 19 IV. The Dogger Bank 39 V. The Irish Sea and the Bristol Channel 50 VI. The English Channel 64 VII. Cornwall and the Atlantic Coast 80 VIII. Summary 105 Bibliography 122 Index 125 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIG. PAGE Buried Forest seen at low-water at Dove Point, on the Cheshire coast. (From the _Cambridge County Geography of Cheshire_) _frontispiece_ 1. Diagram to show the relations of the Submerged Forests to the sea-level 7 2. Section at Tilbury Docks 14 3. Section across the Humber between Hessle and Barton 36