───────────┬───────────┬─────────────── │ │ Suicide. │Population.│ ── COUNTRY. │ ── │ Increase per │Variation. │cent. on Total │ │ Numbers. ───────────┼───────────┼─────────────── England │ 14·6 │ 27·1 Austria │ 9·2 │ 66·5 Bavaria │ 5·2 │ 18·4 Belgium │ 7·0 │ 64·4 Denmark │ 12·1 │ 12·2 France │ A loss │ 17·3 Italy │ 10·5 │ 15·1 Norway │ 8·1 │ 14·3 Prussia │ 6·7 │ 49·0 Russia │ 11·0 │ 47·0 Saxony │ 18·8 │ 58·4 Sweden │ 7·6 │ 24·0 Switzerland│ 6·5 │ 63·6 Ireland │ A loss │ Stationary. Finland │ 5·3 │ Stationary. ───────────┴───────────┴─────────────── As a general _résumé_ of the consideration of the amount of Suicide, it appears that the civilized States of Europe (with three exceptions) show a gradual and uniform increase of Suicide rate; and that even since the beginning of the century self-destruction has increased, and still goes on increasing, more rapidly than the increase of population, and to a greater extent than the general death-rate. From a consideration of the general statistics of various countries estimated annually, with regard to actual numbers and percentage of Suicides, we conclude that like similar statistics applied to subjects of a totally unvolitional nature, they vary from year to year and from country to country. But the variations in the two classes, of voluntary and involuntary incidents, do not range together constantly; in fact, the statistics of the continental observers seem to show that, if we class together Suicide } Homicide } as VOLUNTARY ACTS, Marriage } and Illegitimate Births } Deaths } as INVOLUNTARY ACTS, Accidental Deaths } and compare a period of several years in several countries, the greatest variations occur very rarely in suicide. Suicide, then, varies less than Illegitimate Births, Deaths and Accidental Deaths. Births have varied the least. It is a curious fact that illegitimate births, the general mortality, and accidental deaths, have often offered greater variations from the average, although the human will has no power over them, than suicide, homicide, and marriages which are voluntary actions.