Movable shelters, 18. Mu, Duke of Ch‘in, 141. _Mu-so_, an instrument of torture, xlvi. _Mu T‘ien Tzŭ Chuan_, 152. Mystification of one’s men, 131. Nang Wa, xiii. Napoleon Bonaparte, 5, 12, 148; his passage across Alps, 57; not hampered by central authority, 24; his “Maximes de Guerre,” quoted, 84, 109; his “Pensées,” quoted, 101. Nelson, at Trafalgar, 37. Nervousness, a sign of, 93. Nicias, the Athenian general, 118; speech of, quoted, 125. Night-fighting, 65. Nine grounds (or situations), the, 72, 114. Nine punitive measures, the, xxxix. Nine variations, the, 71, 72, 74, 138. “North hill”, battle of the, 57. O-yü, town of, 57. Omens, not to be regarded, 126. Onset of troops, 37, 38. Open ground, 116, 119, 137. Opportunism, xlix. Orders, not to be divulged, 142, 143. Original text of Sun Tzŭ. _See_ Sun Tzŭ. Ou-yang Hsiu, quoted, xxxiv, xxxv, xxxviii. Overawing the enemy, 141. Over-caution, 158. Over-solicitude for one’s men, 79. _Pa Chên T‘u_, xviii. _Pa Wang_, the five, 141. Pan Ch‘ao, 63; at Shan-shan, 139, 150; his attack on Yarkand, 132, 167. P‘an Kêng, 173. P‘ang Chüan, xii, 40. Passes, narrow, 100, 103. Peace, the true object of war, 162. _Pei Ch‘i Shu_, referred to, 138. _Pei Lun_, xl. _Pei T‘ang Shu Ch‘ao_, 25, 36, 64, 67. P‘ei Hsing-chien, 103. _P‘ei Wên Yün Fu_, quoted, 94; referred to, xlvi, 69, 146. Pelliot, M., xxxvi. Pi, battle of, 106. Pi I-hsün, xviii, xxvi, xxxiv. See also _Sun Tzŭ Hsü Lu_. Pi Kua, xxxiii. Pi-yang, city of, 73. P‘i, siege of, 165. Picked soldiers in front rank, 107, 108. _Ping Fa Tsa Chan_, xviii. Ping Shu Yao Chüeh, 67. Pique, battles not to be fought out of, 158. Pitfalls, 60. Plagiaries of Sun Tzŭ, xxiii, xxiv. Plans, baulking the enemy’s, 17; change of, 5, 132. Plataea, battle of, 129. Playfair’s “Cities and Towns of China”, referred to. 57. Plunder, 62. Po Ch‘i xliv, 117, 166. _Po Chiang Chuan_, xli. Po P‘ei, xiii, xxiii, xxix. Po-têng, battle of, 39. Po-ts‘ai, a leader of the Yellow Turban rebels, 154. _Po Ya_, referred to, 160. P‘o-t‘ai, a spy, 165. Polybius, referred to, 120. Port Arthur, siege of, 19. Presence of mind, 66. Punishment, 95, 97, 98. Rabbits, not indigenous to China, 149. Rapidity, 12, 61; the essence of war, 122. Rewards, 15, 95, 142. Reward and punishment, constancy in, 4. Riches, soldiers not to acquire, 127. River, crossing a, 129. River warfare, 81, 82. Roberts, Lord, night march of, 35; on Sun Tzŭ, xlii. Rout, 105, 107. Ruin, one of the six calamities, 105, 106. Ruler, military commander independent of the, 109; the enlightened, 157, 159, 174. Rules of warfare, conventional, 148. Salt-marshes, 83. _San Kuo Chih_, quoted, 69, 111; referred to, xxxv, xli, xlii. See also _Wei Chih_. _San Lüeh_, li; quoted, 62, 158. _San Shih Êrh Lei Ching_, xviii. _San Ts‘ai T‘u Hui_, liii. San-yüan, 79. “Science of War,” quoted, 101, 130. Scouts, 88, 89. Screens, grass, 88. Secrecy, 45, 131.