I sent a piece of the fur of this Seal to Dr. Peters to be compared with the fur of _O. Philippii_. He observes, “They appear to be quite different; the wool of _O. falklandica_ is fair and has more similarity in colour to the young of _O. cinerea_. The wool of _O. Philippii_ is entirely ferruginous red, and the longer hairs are stiffer and have a much shorter grey tip than in _O. falklandica_.” 6. Arctocephalus? nivosus. _Cape Hair-Seal._ B.M. Fur very short, close-pressed, black, varied with close, small, often confluent, white spots; underside of the neck with a few scattered white hairs; belly red-brown (nearly bay); hairs short, thick, of one colour to the base; under-fur none, except a very few hairs on the crown of the head. Skull unknown. Arctocephalus? nivosus, _Ann. & Mag, N. H._ 1868, i. p. 219. Inhab. Cape of Good Hope. B.M. Length of skin nearly 8 feet; but stretched and flattened. Dr. Murie (P. Z. S. 1869, p. 108) says that this is only a variety, seasonal, sexual, or of a different age from the specimens hitherto obtained. Mr. Allen adopts this view, never having seen the specimen, but changes the phrase into “a previously known species” (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. ii. p. 18); but neither of them mentions the species to which he refers it. But surely Mr. Allen does not mean that it is only a variety of the skins which were received with it from the Cape of Good Hope; for, if that were the case, the species would belong to one of his subfamilies, and the variety to the other. In the form and length of the hair it is very different from _Arctocephalus antarcticus_; and it is almost destitute of under-fur, except on the crown of the head. Tribe IV. _ZALOPHINA._ Grinders 5/5·5/5, large, thick, in a close continuous series; the fifth upper in front of the back edge of the zygomatic arch. In the younger skull the grinders are placed rather further back, the hinder part of the upper grinder being behind the back edge of the zygomatic arch. The grinders all single-rooted, as the last or sixth grinder in each jaw, which is generally two-rooted, is absent. The face of the skull is considerably produced, and the forehead is flat. Zalophina, _Gray_, _Ann, & Mag. N. H._ 1869, iv. p. 269. 5. ZALOPHUS. Palate concave, narrow in front, wider at the line of the last grinder, and then contracted behind. The hinder nares narrow, elongate, twice as long as wide, acutely arched in front, front edge in a line with the front edge of the orbital process of the malar bone. Under-fur sparse. Zalophus, _Gill_; _Peters_; _Gray_, _Ann. & Mag. N. H._ 1866, xviii. p. 231. Arctocephalus § _b_**, _Gray_, _Cat. S. & W._ p. 55. 1. Zalophus Gilliespii. _Californian Hair-Seal._ Otaria Gilliespii, _Macbain_. Arctocephalus Gilliespii, _Gray_, _P. Z. S._ 1859, t. 70 (skull); _Cat. S. & W._ p. 55.