Surgery, with Special Reference to PodiatryStern, Maximilian
Science
Surgery, with Special Reference to Podiatry
Stern, Maximilian
Foot -- Surgery; Surgery
Unless organs of importance have been wounded, or unless active septic
material has been carried into the wound, healing promptly follows
after the withdrawal of the instrument which has caused the wound.
These wounds are usually deep when affecting the dorsal aspect of the
foot, being commonly caused by a falling instrument or tool. In the
plantar region they are of every degree of severity, from the most
minute puncture to perforation running between interosseus spaces and
passing through the dorsal skin. The most frequent punctures are those
caused by stepping upon needles, pins and tacks. These wounds are,
commonly, of no importance unless the foreign body is broken off or
entirely penetrates the foot.
If the patient is seen a very short time after this has occurred, the
surgeon may operate with some confidence of finding the offending
substance, but even here, if possible, it is an advantage to obtain an
X-ray picture, while in those cases in which a needle has long been
buried in the tissues, this is quite indispensable. It is well to
remember that in these cases the patients’ impressions us to the
location of the needles are most unreliable.
After a radiograph has been obtained, it is most important, if
anatomically possible, to make the incision at right angles to the
shaft of the needle. At least two pictures should be taken in order,
if possible, to obtain some idea of the depth at which the needle
lies. Even with all these helps, the procedure, simple though it may
at first appear, oftens turns out to be one of great difficulty,
necessitating a very extensive operation.
+Incised Wounds of the Foot.+ Incised wounds of the dorsal surface are
very frequently quite deep and often implicate the tendons, bones and
articulations, as they are most frequently inflicted by the fall of
some heavy tool upon the part, or by the inaccurate blow of an axe.
Wounds of slight importance need but the usual thorough cleansing out,
with or without suturing of the skin, according to the extent of the
incision.
If one or more of the tendons have been severed, the ends should be
approximated by catgut sutures. If extensor tendons are cut in the
neighborhood of the metatarsophalangeal joints, it is often necessary,
owing to considerable retraction of the distal end, to incise the skin
down as far as is needed, in order to secure the retracted end and
suture it. Failure to adopt this procedure permits a dropping of the
toe, converting it often into a regular hammertoe. When the tendon is
properly sutured, the toe must be placed for some days in a condition
of over extension, most easily secured by a bandage passed under it,
acting like a stirrup, the ends being fastened by several turns above
the ankle.
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