Fractures in their relation to nerve injury--Transverse processes--Spinous processes--Centra--Signs of fracture of the vertebra--Injuries to the spinal cord--Effects of high velocity--Concussion, slight, severe--Contusion--Haemorrhage, extra-medullary, haematomyelia--Symptoms of injury to the spinal cord--Concussion--Haemorrhage--Total transverse lesion--Diagnosis of form of lesion--Prognosis--Treatment 314 CHAPTER IX INJURIES TO THE PERIPHERAL NERVES Anatomical lesions--Concussion--Contusion--Division or laceration--Secondary implication of the nerve--Symptoms of nerve injury--Traumatic neuritis--Scar implication--Ascending neuritis--Traumatic neurosis--Injuries to special nerves--Cranial nerves--Cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral plexuses--Cases of nerve injury--General prognosis and treatment 341 CHAPTER X INJURIES TO THE CHEST Non-penetrating wounds of the chest wall--Penetrating wounds, special characters of entrance and exit apertures--Fracture of the ribs, symptoms, treatment--Wounds of the diaphragm--Wounds of the heart--Wounds of the lung, symptoms--Pneumothorax--Haemothorax-- Empyema--Diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of haemothorax--Cases of haemothorax 374 CHAPTER XI INJURIES TO THE ABDOMEN Introductory remarks--Wounds of the abdominal wall--Penetration of the intestinal area without definite evidence of visceral injury--Wounds of explosive character--Anatomical characters of intestinal wounds--Wounds of the mesentery---Wounds of the omentum--Results of intestinal wounds, faecal extravasation, peritoneal infection, septicaemia--Reasons for the escape of severe injury in wounds traversing the abdomen--Wounds of the stomach--Wounds of the small intestine--Wounds of the large intestine--Prognosis in intestinal injuries--Treatment of intestinal injuries--Wounds of the urinary bladder--Wounds of the kidney--Wounds of the liver--Wounds of the spleen--General remarks on the prognosis in abdominal injuries--Wounds of the external genital organs--Wounds of the urethra 407 CHAPTER XII ON SHELL WOUNDS Varieties of shells employed--Large shells--Wounds produced by different varieties--Pom-Pom shells--Wounds produced by fragments and fuses--Shrapnel--Boer segment shells--Leaden shrapnel bullets--Treatment of shell wounds 474 INDEX OF CONTENTS 487 ILLUSTRATIONS _PLATES_ VARIETIES OF AMMUNITION COLLECTED AT LADYSMITH _Frontispiece_ 1. SECTION OF MAUSER APERTURE OF ENTRY _To face p._ 73 2. SECTION OF MAUSER APERTURE OF EXIT 76 3. PUNCTURED FRACTURE OF CLAVICLE 162 4. COMMINUTED FRACTURE OF SHAFT OF HUMERUS 180