Sweated industry and the minimum wage — John Shaqi
Sweated industry and the minimum wageBlack, Clementina
History
Sweated industry and the minimum wage
Black, Clementina
Minimum wage; Sweatshops
Of cabmen I do not propose to speak; the subject of their hours,
conditions and rates of pay being so intricate that anything like a
general view is difficult to present. I will content myself with
indicating, by means of a paragraph from a Parliamentary Report, the
kind of exactions to which cabmen are exposed. “Privileged cabs” are
those admitted, upon payment of a fixed charge, to ply in railway
stations. It appears that the lowest charge made by any company
maintaining the privileged cab system is 1s. per week. The smallest
number of cabs is “15, at Clapham Junction, and the largest number of
cabs, 290, at Paddington, which at 3s. per week provide the Great
Western Railway with the substantial sum of £2262 per annum.”[28]
The railway workers of Great Britain are, as a class, men of excellent
character, intelligent, careful, attentive and worthy of the trust
reposed in them. They have a strong trade union, and their secretary now
sits in Parliament. Yet this body of grown men, most of them voters, was
so unable to secure from its employers a reasonably short working day
that the legislature, unwilling though it has always shown itself to any
direct regulation of the working hours of men, felt compelled in the
interests of public safety, to intervene; and a special order of the
Board of Trade has, for many years past, limited the hours of railway
men. Yet, even now, there are porters, generally at small stations, who
are on duty for 16 hours a day; and 8 hours, which should be the longest
day of any signalman, are extended, except in the busiest boxes, to 10
and, in some cases, to 12. Many a porter works seven days a week for
16s., perhaps at some small station where “tips” are infrequent. In this
connection it is worthy of note that such companies as pay additionally
for Sunday labour find it possible to do with much fewer workers on
Sundays. Of how much improvement the railway man’s lot is still
susceptible may be judged from the programme of the union, drawn up at
the close of 1906, and about to be submitted to the various companies.
Its demands are as follows:—
An eight-hour day for trainmen, shunters and signalmen.
No railway employee to work more than ten hours a day.
An increase of 2s. per week in the wages of all grades receiving less
than 30s. per week.
Sunday labour to be paid for at the rate of time and a half; and
overtime at the rate of time and a quarter.[29]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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