The use of unhulled seed has usually been attended with failure in
the northern portion of the United States, although occasionally good
stands have been obtained the following spring from late fall seeding.
This failure is in part due to the fact that the seed has been sown
in the spring and at a tine when only seed germinating well should
be used. When unhulled seed is to be sown north of the latitude of
Washington, D. C., it should be sown not later than February 15, and
preferably earlier. Observations show that fairly good stands may be
obtained by seeding during the winter, but care should be taken not to
sow seed earlier than necessary on land which is subject to washing.
Farmers should have no trouble in purchasing hulled seed, and therefore
it is recommended that only hulled seed which germinates well be sown.
RATE OF SEEDING.
The rate at which sweet clover should be seeded varies with the
germination of the seed, the condition of the seed bed, the climatic
conditions of the region, and the method of seeding. Throughout the
humid sections of the eastern United States sweet clover ordinarily is
seeded at the rate of 15 to 20 pounds of hulled seed to the acre. From
12 to 15 pounds should be ample where the seed bed is in good condition
and the seed germinates 75 per cent or more. In Illinois, the western
North-Central States, the Mountain States, and the Pacific Coast States
good stands are generally obtained by sowing 10 to 12 pounds of hulled
seed to the acre. In eastern Washington it is claimed that from 5 to 8
pounds to the acre are sufficient for good stands.
When sweet clover is grown under irrigation, 8 to 10 pounds of hulled
seed usually are sufficient, and from 2 to 4 pounds per acre are enough
when seeded in rows from 2 to 4 feet apart. Of unhulled seed 3 to 6
pecks (24 to 48 pounds) or 20 pounds of hulled seed are usually sown in
the South for pasturage or hay. In any region at least 10 pounds more
of the unhulled than of hulled seed should be sown to an acre. Unless
annual yellow sweet-clover seed is thoroughly cleaned it should be sown
at the rate of 25 to 30 pounds to the acre.
METHODS OF SEEDING.
The methods used for seeding red clover or alfalfa in any particular
region will be suitable for seeding sweet clover. Good results have
been obtained by broadcasting the seed on winter grain in the spring
when the ground is in a honeycombed condition. Perhaps a better method
is to wait until the ground can be worked and then to broadcast and
cover the seed with a harrow or to sow it with a drill. Unhulled seed
is usually broadcasted, since it is necessary to sow it before the
ground is in condition to be worked. Unless the hulls have been rubbed
smooth, some difficulty may be experienced in seeding it evenly with a
drill.
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