Sweet Hampstead and Its AssociationsWhite, Caroline A.
History
Sweet Hampstead and Its Associations
White, Caroline A.
Hampstead (London, England) -- History
No traces of such a road have been found on Hampstead Heath, though
Roman relics and proofs of Roman burial have been discovered there, and
accepted by our oldest antiquaries as strengthening their theory of the
Watling Way having skirted or crossed it. That there was a road from
St. Albans to the Heath is curiously confirmed by an old French folio,
published in Paris (time of Elizabeth), which explains the reasons why
the Romans built a city on the site of the present London,[20] and states
that ‘subsequent to the recall of the legions in consequence of its rapid
growth and absorption of the population and commerce of the other great
cities, it so raised the envy and indignation of their inhabitants, that
the people of St. Albans threatened to come and destroy the rising city
of London, until the Londoners advanced as far as Hampstead Heath, where
they entrenched themselves, and prepared to do battle in defence of
their homes.’ A writer in the _New Monthly Magazine_, commenting on this
extract, says that the remains of the entrenchments are still pointed
out.[21]
Dr. Hughson, writing of the Reed-mote, or six-acre field, formerly to
the north-west of White Conduit House, and which was supposed to have
been the site of a Roman camp, observes ‘that a Roman road[22] passed
this way, we have great reason to believe, for from Old Ford we pass
_Mere_ (vulgarly called Mare Street), Kingsland, Islington, Highbury, the
Hollow-way, Roman Lane, over Hampstead Heath through Hendon to Verulam.’
With the vanishing of the pilgrims’ route over Hampstead Heath, we lose
the reason for the name of the hamlet suggested by Lysons, who supposed
the wearied pilgrims on reaching the heath to exclaim at the sight of
the city at their feet, ‘Hame-sted!’ the place of their home and the end
of their journey. Park believes the homely name was given to it by the
Saxon churls[23] who inhabited it previous to the date of the Domesday
Survey.[24]
In the time of Abbot Leofstan, when Albanus[25] had become a very popular
saint, ‘especially with merchants and traders going beyond sea, who
sought his protection, and made rich offerings at his shrine,’ the state
of the great forest, its ways infested not only with beasts of prey, but
by ‘outlaws, fugitives, and other abandoned beings,’ with the probable
effect of diminishing the revenues of his Church, set the Abbot seriously
to the task of removing these obstructions. He had the woods in part cut
down, rebuilt bridges, repaired rough places, and finally entered into
a contract with a certain knight to defend the highway with two trusty
followers, and be answerable to the Church for anything that might happen
through his neglect.[26]
In the eighth of Henry III., the great Forest of Middlesex was ordered
to be disforested, giving the citizens of London, as Stowe tells us,
‘an opportunity of buying land, and building, whereby the suburbs were
greatly extended.’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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