Syndicalism in FranceLorwin, Lewis L. (Lewis Levitzki)
History
Syndicalism in France
Lorwin, Lewis L. (Lewis Levitzki)
Labor unions -- France -- History; Syndicalism -- France
The Bourses paid their dues irregularly and Pelloutier complained that
with such means the Committee could not render all the services it was
capable of and that it was necessarily reduced to the rôle of a
correspondence bureau, "slow and imperfect in its working."
Whatever others may have thought of the results obtained by the
Federation of Bourses, the leaders themselves felt enthusiastic about
the things accomplished. Pelloutier wrote:
Enumerate the results obtained by the groupings of workingmen;
consult the program, of the courses instituted by the _Bourses du
Travail_, a program which omits nothing which goes to make up a
moral, complete, dignified and satisfied life; regard the authors
who inhabit the workingmen's libraries; admire this syndical and
co-operative organization which extends from day to day and
embraces new categories of producers, the unification of all the
proletarian forces into a close network of syndicats, of
co-operative societies, of leagues of resistance; consider the
constantly increasing intervention into the diverse manifestations
of social life; the examination of methods of production and of
distribution and say whether this organization, whether this
program, this tendency towards the beautiful and the good, whether
this aspiration toward the complete expansion of the individual do
not justify the pride the Bourses du Travail feel.[98]
[98] F. Pelloutier, _op. cit._, pp. 170-1.
This feeling and the preoccupation with socialist ideals led Pelloutier
and other members of the Federation to think that the _Bourses du
Travail_ could not only render immediate services, but that they were
capable of "adapting themselves to a superior social order". Pelloutier
thought that the _Bourses du Travail_ were evolving from this time on
the elements of a new society, that they were gradually constituting a
veritable socialist (economic and anarchic) state within the bourgeois
state,[99] and that they would, in time, substitute communistic forms of
production and of distribution for those now in existence. The question
was brought up for discussion at the Congress of Tours (1896) and two
reports were read on the present and future rôle of the _Bourses du
Travail_. One report was written by Pelloutier, the other was prepared
by the delegates of the Bourse of Nimes, Claude Gignoux and Victorien
Briguier (Allemanists).
[99] F. Pelloutier, _op. cit._, p. 160.
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