Systematic Theology (Volume 1 of 3)Strong, Augustus Hopkins
Religion
Systematic Theology (Volume 1 of 3)
Strong, Augustus Hopkins
Baptists -- Doctrines; Theology, Doctrinal
Dorner, in his Glaubenslehre, 1:197, gives us the best statement
of the Ontological Argument: “Reason thinks of God as existing.
Reason would not be reason, if it did not think of God as
existing. Reason only is, upon the assumption that God is.” But
this is evidently not argument, but only vivid statement of the
necessary assumption of the existence of an absolute Reason which
conditions and gives validity to ours.
Although this last must be considered the most perfect form of the
Ontological Argument, it is evident that it conducts us only to an ideal
conclusion, not to real existence. In common with the two preceding forms
of the argument, moreover, it tacitly assumes, as already existing in the
human mind, that very knowledge of God’s existence which it would derive
from logical demonstration. It has value, therefore, simply as showing
what God must be, if he exists at all.
But the existence of a Being indefinitely great, a personal Cause,
Contriver and Lawgiver, has been proved by the preceding arguments; for
the law of parsimony requires us to apply the conclusions of the first
three arguments to one Being, and not to many. To this one Being we may
now ascribe the infinity and perfection, the idea of which lies at the
basis of the Ontological Argument—ascribe them, not because they are
demonstrably his, but because our mental constitution will not allow us to
think otherwise. Thus clothing him with all perfections which the human
mind can conceive, and these in illimitable fullness, we have one whom we
may justly call God.
McCosh, Div. Govt., 12, note—“It is at this place, if we do not
mistake, that the idea of the Infinite comes in. The capacity of
the human mind to form such an idea, or rather its intuitive
belief in an Infinite of which it feels that it cannot form an
adequate conception, may be no proof (as Kant maintains) of the
existence of an infinite Being; but it is, we are convinced, the
means by which the mind is enabled to invest the Deity, shown on
other grounds to exist, with the attributes of infinity, _i. e._,
to look on his being, power, goodness, and all his perfections, as
infinite.” Even Flint, Theism, 68, who holds that we reach the
existence of God by inference, speaks of “necessary conditions of
thought and feeling, and ineradicable aspirations, which force on
us ideas of absolute existence, infinity, and perfection, and will
neither permit us to deny these perfections to God, nor to ascribe
them to any other being.” Belief in God is not the conclusion of a
demonstration, but the solution of a problem. Calderwood, Moral
Philosophy, 226—“Either the whole question is assumed in starting,
or the Infinite is not reached in concluding.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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